BACKGROUND/PURPOSE: Remineralization efficacy for early caries lesion may change when fluoride varnish (FV) is applied directly or indirectly to the lesion. This study compared direct and indirect remineralization efficacies of FV on artificial cari...
BACKGROUND/PURPOSE: is an important pathogen in the development of dental caries. Many studies have focused on the relationship between nicotine and . The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of nicotine on the growth of and its cariogen...
BACKGROUND/PURPOSE: The co-operative effect of exogenous dextranase (Dex) and sodium fluoride (NaF) on monospecies biofilms is impressive. Here we investigated the effects of the combination on a mature cariogenic multispecies biofilm and analyzed t...