Tryptophan, an essential amino acid, is enzymatically metabolized to two compounds, kynurenine and serotonin, and 95% of tryptophan is metabolized to kynurenine. As chickens have hyperglycemia and high temperature, tryptophan glycation occurs more ea...
This study determined the effects of pro-inflammatory cytokines (interleukin (IL)-1 and IL-6) on the expression of eggshell mineralization-related ion transporters in the hen uterus mucosa. Uterine mucosal tissues collected from White Leghorn laying ...
Microcystins (MCs) are included in drinking water and a family of cyclic heptapeptide hepatotoxins that have been implicated in the impairment of liver function in various animals. There is scarce information on the effect of MCs on cytokines and apo...
Testosterone (T) is known to induce aggressive behavior, mainly in male animals. Subcutaneous implantation of T-filled silastic tubes, rather than intramuscular injection of T, is generally recommended for long-term treatment using exogenous T. Howev...
This study was conducted to investigate the influence of vitamin D (Vit D) administration on growth of broiler chickens when Vit D was dissolved in soybean oil. Sixty Ross broiler eggs were incubated at 37.8°C and >60% relative humidity. Distilled w...