bioRxiv

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Neural rhythms as priors of speech computations

bioRxiv Jan 1, 2025
The transformation of speech into discrete linguistic representations forms the basis of speech recognition. Natural speech encodes cues at distinct timescales: phonetic features have modulation frequencies of 30-50 Hz, syllables and words around 4-7...
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Web engine for tumor pathology image retrievals on massive scales

bioRxiv Jan 1, 2025
Hematoxylin and Eosin staining (H&E) is widely used in clinical practice, but efficient and versatile image retrieval tools are lacking. We developed the H&E Retrieval Engine (HERE, https://hereapp.ccr.cancer.gov) to analyze patient cases based on im...
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One-Class Bioacoustic Detector for Monitoring the Critically Endangered Pied Tamarin (Saguinus bicolor)

bioRxiv Jan 1, 2025
The pied tamarin (Saguinus bicolor) is a critically endangered primate with a small geographic range that includes fragmented urban forest mosaics in Amazonia, where habitat subdivision and anthropogenic actions complicate its survival and monitoring...
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Exploring voltage-gated sodium channel conformations and protein-protein interactions using AlphaFold2

bioRxiv Jan 1, 2025
Voltage-gated sodium (NaV) channels are vital regulators of electrical activity in excitable cells. Given their importance in physiology, NaV channels are key therapeutic targets for treating numerous conditions, yet developing subtype-selective drug...
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PhysioMotion Artifact: A Task-Driven EEG Dataset with Channel-Level Motion Artifact Annotations

bioRxiv Jan 1, 2025
Physiological artifacts pose persistent challenges in electroencephalo-gram (EEG) data acquisition, often compromising interpretation and post-analysis of EEG signals across research and clinical applications. To address such limitations, including v...
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Abnormally increased intrinsic neural timescales in sensory and default mode networks in cocaine use disorder

bioRxiv Jan 1, 2025
Cocaine use disorder (CUD) is associated with abnormal structural and functional brain changes. However, the neurodynamics and molecular underpinnings remain unclear. In this study, we mapped whole-brain intrinsic neural timescales (INTs), reflecting...
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The mechanical code of DNA impacts its interaction with DNA gyrase

bioRxiv Jan 1, 2025
DNA:protein interactions involving large structural deformations of DNA underpin essential biological processes. Although correlative evidence suggests that local, sequence-encoded, mechanical properties of DNA can modulate its interactions with larg...
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Scaling Unlocks Broader Generation and Deeper Functional Understanding of Proteins

bioRxiv Jan 1, 2025
Generative protein language models (PLMs) are powerful tools for designing proteins purpose-built to solve problems in medicine, agriculture, and industrial processes. Recent work has trained ever larger language models, but there has been little sys...
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Machine learning-based optimization of a single-element transcranial focused ultrasound transducer for deep brain neuromodulation in mice

bioRxiv Jan 1, 2025
Transcranial focused ultrasound is an emerging noninvasive neuromodulation technique that offers high spatial precision and the potential for deep brain penetration. However, due to skull-induced attenuation and acoustic aberrations, precisely stimul...
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Brain-age models with lower age prediction accuracy have higher sensitivity for disease detection

bioRxiv Jan 1, 2025
This study critically reevaluates the utility of brain-age models within the context of detecting neurological and psychiatric disorders, challenging the conventional emphasis on maximizing chronological age prediction accuracy. Our analysis of T1 MR...
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