Artificial Intelligence Medical Compendium

Explore the latest research on artificial intelligence and machine learning in medicine.

Showing 11,331 to 11,340 of 209,934 articles

Frontier Large Language Models for Comprehensive Medication Review in CKD Patients with Polypharmacy: A Trap-Embedded Synthetic Benchmark

medRxiv May 26, 2026
Background: Patients with CKD and polypharmacy face high rates of drug-related problems, yet comprehensive medication review remains time-intensive and inconsistently performed. Large language models (LLMs) may augment this process, but existing benc... read more 
health informatics

Glycemic response trajectories on metformin monotherapy in real-world diabetes care

medRxiv May 26, 2026
Objectives: Diabetes affects over 500 million people globally and glycemia is inadequately managed. Metformin is the most frequently prescribed initial treatment for type 2 diabetes globally, yet glycemic response trajectories to metformin in routine... read more 
endocrinology

Randomised Trial of a Multilingual Conversational AI for Preoperative Education

medRxiv May 26, 2026
Background Informed consent depends on patients' understanding of anaesthesia risk, yet comprehension remains poor despite routine preoperative consultation. Conversational artificial intelligence (AI) could establish patient-reported understanding b... read more 
anesthesia

Impact of AI-Assisted Mammography Reading on Quality Indicators in the Czech Breast Cancer Screening Programme: A Retrospective Study

medRxiv May 26, 2026
Objectives: The aim of mammographic screening is the early detection of invasive cancers. In the era of artificial intelligence (AI), this tool may improve diagnosis of earlier stages. The purpose of this study was to assess the impact on selected qu... read more 
oncology

Normative modeling for quantitative brain MRI phenotyping and biomarker discovery for pediatric leukodystrophies

medRxiv May 25, 2026
Importance: Leukodystrophies are a heterogeneous group of genetic disorders affecting the white matter of the brain, often presenting with overlapping clinical features but differing in neuroanatomical involvement. There is a critical need for quanti... read more 
neurology

Assessing Foundation Models for Computational Pathology in Endometrial Cancer

medRxiv May 25, 2026
Computational pathology leverages deep learning to extract clinically relevant information from digitized tumor slides, predicting histopathological subtypes, molecular alterations, and patient outcomes. Recent pipelines increasingly rely on foundati... read more 
pathology

Cross-Model Variability in Large Language Model Triage Behavior for Potential Stroke Symptoms

medRxiv May 25, 2026
Background: Stroke is a time-sensitive neurological emergency in which early EMS activation and presentation to definitive care are cornerstones of effective therapy. Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly consulted by the public for medical a... read more 
emergency medicine

Cumulative In-Context Learning versus Simple Historical Weighting for Real-Time Geographic Origin Identification of Ongoing Epidemic Waves: A Comparative Evaluation Using Eight COVID-19 Waves in Japan

medRxiv May 25, 2026
Background: Identifying the geographic origin of epidemic waves early is critical for targeted public health responses. Conventional statistical methods for wave origin estimation rely on fixed algorithms applied to case count time-series data and tr... read more 
public and global health

Machine Learning Estimation of Gestational Age at Delivery Using Linked Mother-Infant Electronic Health Records Across Two Health Systems

medRxiv May 25, 2026
Objective This study aimed to train and evaluate supervised machine learning algorithms using electronic health record (EHR) data to accurately estimate gestational age at delivery.
Materials and Methods We trained random forest, gradient boostin... read more 
obstetrics and gynecology

Extraction of Human Phenotype Ontology (HPO) Concepts from Clinical Notes Utilizing Large Language Models (LLM) with Model Context Protocol (MCP)

medRxiv May 25, 2026
Background: Accurate extraction of Human Phenotype Ontology (HPO) terms from clinical notes is essential for variant prioritization and genetic diagnosis. Large language models (LLMs) often struggle to balance precision, hallucination avoidance, and ... read more 
health informatics
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