Generative artificial intelligence and ethical considerations in health care: a scoping review and ethics checklist.

Journal: The Lancet. Digital health
PMID: 39294061

Abstract

The widespread use of Chat Generative Pre-trained Transformer (known as ChatGPT) and other emerging technology that is powered by generative artificial intelligence (GenAI) has drawn attention to the potential ethical issues they can cause, especially in high-stakes applications such as health care, but ethical discussions have not yet been translated into operationalisable solutions. Furthermore, ongoing ethical discussions often neglect other types of GenAI that have been used to synthesise data (eg, images) for research and practical purposes, which resolve some ethical issues and expose others. We did a scoping review of the ethical discussions on GenAI in health care to comprehensively analyse gaps in the research. To reduce the gaps, we have developed a checklist for comprehensive assessment and evaluation of ethical discussions in GenAI research. The checklist can be integrated into peer review and publication systems to enhance GenAI research and might be useful for ethics-related disclosures for GenAI-powered products and health-care applications of such products and beyond.

Authors

  • Yilin Ning
    Centre for Quantitative Medicine, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore.
  • Salinelat Teixayavong
    Centre for Quantitative Medicine, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore.
  • Yuqing Shang
    Centre for Quantitative Medicine, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore.
  • Julian Savulescu
    2Uehiro Centre for Practical Ethics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
  • Vaishaanth Nagaraj
    School of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK.
  • Di Miao
    School of Electronic Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology and Education, Tianjin, China.
  • Mayli Mertens
    Centre for Ethics, Department of Philosophy, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium; Antwerp Center on Responsible AI, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.
  • Daniel Shu Wei Ting
    Singapore National Eye Center, Singapore Eye Research Institute Singapore Health Service Singapore Singapore.
  • Jasmine Chiat Ling Ong
    Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore.
  • Mingxuan Liu
    Centre for Quantitative Medicine, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore.
  • Jiuwen Cao
  • Michael Dunn
    National University of Singapore.
  • Roger Vaughan
    Centre for Quantitative Medicine, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore; Programme in Health Services and Systems Research, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore.
  • Marcus Eng Hock Ong
    Department of Emergency Medicine, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore. marcus.ong.e.h@sgh.com.sg.
  • Joseph Jao-Yiu Sung
    Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore.
  • Eric J Topol
    Scripps Research Translational Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; Scripps Clinic Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. Electronic address: etopol@scripps.edu.
  • Nan Liu
    Duke-NUS Medical School Centre for Quantitative Medicine Singapore Singapore.

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