Foundation models in ophthalmology: opportunities and challenges.

Journal: Current opinion in ophthalmology
Published Date: Nov 4, 2024

Abstract

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Last year marked the development of the first foundation model in ophthalmology, RETFound, setting the stage for generalizable medical artificial intelligence (GMAI) that can adapt to novel tasks. Additionally, rapid advancements in large language model (LLM) technology, including models such as GPT-4 and Gemini, have been tailored for medical specialization and evaluated on clinical scenarios with promising results. This review explores the opportunities and challenges for further advancements in these technologies.

Authors

  • Mertcan Sevgi
    Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London, UK.
  • Eden Ruffell
    Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London.
  • Fares Antaki
    Department of Ophthalmology, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada.
  • Mark A Chia
    NIHR Biomedical Research Centre for Ophthalmology, Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, London, UK.
  • Pearse A Keane
    National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre for Ophthalmology, Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, London, UK.

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