Artificial Intelligence for Drug Discovery: An Update and Future Prospects.

Journal: Seminars in nuclear medicine
Published Date:

Abstract

Artificial intelligence (AI) has become a pivotal tool for medical image analysis, significantly enhancing drug discovery through improved diagnostics, staging, prognostication, and response assessment. At a high level, AI-driven image analysis enables the quantification and synthesis of previously qualitative imaging characteristics, facilitating the identification of novel disease-specific biomarkers, patient risk stratification, prognostication, and adverse event prediction. In addition, AI can assist in response assessment by capturing changes in imaging "phenotype" over time, allowing for optimized treatment plans based on real-time analysis. Integrating this emerging technology into drug discovery pipelines has the potential to accelerate the identification and development of new pharmaceuticals by assisting in target identification and patient selection, as well as reducing the incidence, and therefore cost, of failed trials through high-throughput, reproducible, and data-driven insights. Continued progress in AI applications will shape the future of medical imaging, ultimately fostering more efficient, accurate, and tailored drug discovery processes. Herein, we offer a comprehensive overview of how AI enhances medical imaging to inform drug development and therapeutic strategies.

Authors

  • Harrison J Howell
    Department of Radiology, New York-Presbyterian Hospital, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY.
  • Jeremy P McGale
    Department of Radiology, New York-Presbyterian Hospital, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, USA. jm4782@cumc.columbia.edu.
  • Aurélie Choucair
    Department of Radiology, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France.
  • Dorsa Shirini
    School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
  • Nicolas Aide
    Centre Havrais d'Imagerie Nucléaire, Octeville, France.
  • Michael A Postow
    Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.
  • Lucy Wang
    School of Medicine, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY.
  • Mickael Tordjman
    From the Department of Radiology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Mass (A.G., F.W.R., D.H.); Department of Radiology, VA Boston Healthcare System, 1400 VFW Parkway, Suite 1B105, West Roxbury, MA 02132 (A.G.); Department of Radiology, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland (P.O.); Department of Radiology, Hotel Dieu Hospital and University Paris Cité, Paris, France (M.T.); Department of Radiology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY (J.F., R.K.); Gleamer, Paris, France (N.E.R.); Réseau d'Imagerie Sud Francilien, Clinique du Mousseau Ramsay Santé, Evry, France (N.E.R.); Pôle Médical Sénart, Lieusaint, France (N.E.R.); Department of Radiology and Imaging, Hospital for Special Surgery and Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY (J.C.); Department of Radiology and Institute for Biomedical Informatics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Penn (C.E.K.); Departments of Artificial Intelligence in Biomedical Engineering (F.K.) and Radiology (F.W.R.), Universitätsklinikum Erlangen & Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany (F.K.); School of Medicine & Computation, Information and Technology Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, München, Germany (D.R.); Department of Computing, Imperial College London, London, England (D.R.); and Department of Radiology, Tufts Medical Center, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Mass (D.H.).
  • Egesta Lopci
  • Augustin Lecler
    Université Paris Cité, Faculté de Médecine, Paris 75006, France; Department of Radiology, Rothschild Foundation Hospital, Paris 75019, France.
  • Stéphane Champiat
    Drug Development Department, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France.
  • Delphine L Chen
    Department of Molecular Imaging and Therapy, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA.
  • Désirée Deandreis
    Medical Physiopathology - A.O.U. Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Division of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Medical Science, University of Torino, 10126, Torino, Italy.
  • Laurent Dercle
    Department of Radiology, Columbia University Medical Center, 630 West 168th Street, New York, NY 10032; Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Saclay, Université Paris-Saclay, Département D'imagerie Médicale, Villejuif, France.