Robot-like dexterity without computers and motors: a review of hand-held laparoscopic instruments with wrist-like tip articulation.
Journal:
Expert review of medical devices
Published Date:
Jul 1, 2016
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Conventional manual laparoscopic instruments for minimally invasive surgery have limited dexterity within the patient, making procedures challenging. Surgical robotic systems offer enhanced articulation, but at substantial financial costs. This has motivated the development of high-dexterity, low-cost laparoscopic instruments.