Reconstruction of long-distance bird migration routes using advanced machine learning techniques on geolocator data.

Journal: Journal of the Royal Society, Interface
PMID:

Abstract

Geolocators are a well-established technology to reconstruct migration routes of animals that are too small to carry satellite tags (e.g. passerine birds). These devices record environmental light-level data that enable the reconstruction of daily positions from the time of twilight. However, all current methods for analysing geolocator data require manual pre-processing of raw records to eliminate twilight events showing unnatural variation in light levels, a step that is time-consuming and must be accomplished by a trained expert. Here, we propose and implement advanced machine learning techniques to automate this procedure and we apply them to 108 migration tracks of barn swallows ( Hirundo rustica). We show that routes reconstructed from the automated pre-processing are comparable to those obtained from manual selection accomplished by a human expert. This raises the possibility of fully automating light-level geolocator data analysis and possibly analysing the large amount of data already collected on several species.

Authors

  • Mattia Pancerasa
    1 Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informazione e Bioingegneria, Politecnico di Milano , Via Giuseppe Ponzio, 34, Milano 20133 , Italy.
  • Matteo Sangiorgio
    1 Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informazione e Bioingegneria, Politecnico di Milano , Via Giuseppe Ponzio, 34, Milano 20133 , Italy.
  • Roberto Ambrosini
    2 Department of Environmental Science and Policy, Università degli Studi di Milano , Via Celoria 26, Milano 20133 , Italy.
  • Nicola Saino
    2 Department of Environmental Science and Policy, Università degli Studi di Milano , Via Celoria 26, Milano 20133 , Italy.
  • David W Winkler
    3 Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Cornell University , Corson Hall, Ithaca, NY 14853 , USA.
  • Renato Casagrandi
    1 Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informazione e Bioingegneria, Politecnico di Milano , Via Giuseppe Ponzio, 34, Milano 20133 , Italy.