Artificial Intelligence and Surgery: Ethical Dilemmas and Open Issues.

Journal: Journal of the American College of Surgeons
Published Date: Apr 21, 2022

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Artificial intelligence (AI) applications aiming to support surgical decision-making processes are generating novel threats to ethical surgical care. To understand and address these threats, we summarize the main ethical issues that may arise from applying AI to surgery, starting from the Ethics Guidelines for Trustworthy Artificial Intelligence framework recently promoted by the European Commission.

Authors

  • Lorenzo Cobianchi
    From the Departments of Clinical, Diagnostic, and Pediatric Sciences (Cobianchi, Ansaloni), University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.
  • Juan Manuel Verde
    Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire IHU, University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France (Verde, Mascagni, Garcia Vazquez, Gallix, Padoy).
  • Tyler J Loftus
    Department of Surgery, University of Florida Health, Gainesville, FL. Electronic address: tyler.loftus@surgery.ufl.edu.
  • Daniele Piccolo
    Department of Neurosurgery, ASUFC Santa Maria della Misericordia, Udine, Italy (Piccolo).
  • Francesca Dal Mas
    Department of Management, Ca' Foscari University of Venice, Venice, Italy (Dal Mas, Massaro).
  • Pietro Mascagni
    IHU Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France.
  • Alain Garcia Vazquez
    Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire IHU, University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France (Verde, Mascagni, Garcia Vazquez, Gallix, Padoy).
  • Luca Ansaloni
    General Surgery, San Matteo University Hospital, Pavia, Italy.
  • Giuseppe Roberto Marseglia
    Department of Civil Engineering and Architecture (Marseglia), University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.
  • Maurizio Massaro
    Department of Management, Ca' Foscari University of Venice, Venice, Italy (Dal Mas, Massaro).
  • Benoit Gallix
    Department of Radiology, McGill University Health Center, Montréal, Québec, Canada.
  • Nicolas Padoy
    IHU Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France.
  • Angelos Peter
    Department of Surgery and MacLean Center for Clinical Medical Ethics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL (Angelos).
  • Haytham M Kaafarani
    Division of Trauma, Emergency Surgery, and Surgical Critical Care, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts. Electronic address: HKAAFARANI@mgh.harvard.edu.

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