Editorial Commentary: Machine Learning in Medicine Requires Clinician Input, Faces Barriers, and High-Quality Evidence Is Required to Demonstrate Improved Patient Outcomes.
Journal:
Arthroscopy : the journal of arthroscopic & related surgery : official publication of the Arthroscopy Association of North America and the International Arthroscopy Association
Published Date:
Jun 1, 2022
Abstract
Machine learning (ML) and artificial intelligence (AI) may be described as advanced statistical techniques using algorithms to "learn" to evaluate and predict relationships between input and results without explicit human programming, often with high accuracy. The potentials and pitfalls of ML continue to be explored as predictive modeling grows in popularity. While use of and optimism for AI continues to increase in orthopaedic surgery, there remains little high-quality evidence of its ability to improve patient outcome. It is up to us as clinicians to provide context for ML models and guide the use of these technologies to optimize the outcome for our patients. Barriers to widespread adoption of ML include poor quality data, limits to compliant data sharing, few clinicians who are expert in ML statistical techniques, and computing costs including technology, infrastructure, personnel, energy, and updates.