Artificial intelligence, machine learning and deep learning in musculoskeletal imaging: Current applications.

Journal: Journal of clinical ultrasound : JCU
Published Date:

Abstract

Artificial intelligence is rapidly expanding in all technological fields. The medical field, and especially diagnostic imaging, has been showing the highest developmental potential. Artificial intelligence aims at human intelligence simulation through the management of complex problems. This review describes the technical background of artificial intelligence, machine learning, and deep learning. The first section illustrates the general potential of artificial intelligence applications in the context of request management, data acquisition, image reconstruction, archiving, and communication systems. In the second section, the prospective of dedicated tools for segmentation, lesion detection, automatic diagnosis, and classification of musculoskeletal disorders is discussed.

Authors

  • Tommaso D'Angelo
    Department of Biomedical Sciences and Morphological and Functional Imaging, University of Messina, Messina, Italy.
  • Danilo Caudo
    Department of Biomedical Sciences and Morphological and Functional Imaging, University Hospital Messina, Messina, Italy.
  • Alfredo Blandino
    Department of Biomedical Sciences and Morphological and Functional Imaging, University Hospital Messina, Messina, Italy.
  • Moritz H Albrecht
    Division of Cardiovascular Imaging, Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina; Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany.
  • Thomas J Vogl
    Institute for Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital, Goethe University Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany.
  • Leon D Gruenewald
    Division of Experimental Imaging, Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
  • Michele Gaeta
    Section of Radiological Sciences, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Morphological and Functional Imaging, University of Messina, Messina, Italy.
  • Ibrahim Yel
    Division of Experimental Imaging, Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
  • Vitali Koch
    Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
  • Simon S Martin
    Division of Cardiovascular Imaging, Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Medical University of South Carolina, Ashley River Tower, 25 Courtenay Dr, Charleston, SC 29425-2260 (S.S.M., D.M., M.v.A., C.N.D.C., R.R.B., C.T., A.V.S., A.M.F., B.E.J., L.P.G., U.J.S.); Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany (S.S.M., T.J.V.); Stanford University School of Medicine, Department of Radiology, Stanford, Calif (D.M.); Division of Cardiothoracic Imaging, Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, Ga (C.N.D.C.); Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC (R.R.B.); Department of Cardiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Heart Center Munich-Bogenhausen, Munich, Germany (C.T.); Department of Cardiology, Munich University Clinic, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany (C.T.); Siemens Medical Solutions USA, Malvern, Pa (P.S.); and Department of Emergency Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC (A.J.M.).
  • Lukas Lenga
    Division of Experimental Imaging, Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
  • Giuseppe Muscogiuri
    Clinical Cardiology Unit and Department of Cardiovascular Imaging, Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, Milan, Italy.
  • Sandro Sironi
    School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy.
  • Silvio Mazziotti
    Department of Biomedical Sciences and Morphological and Functional Imaging, University Hospital Messina, Messina, Italy.
  • Christian Booz
    Division of Experimental Imaging, Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590, Frankfurt am Main, Germany. experimentalimaging@gmail.com.