Latest developments of generative artificial intelligence and applications in ophthalmology.

Journal: Asia-Pacific journal of ophthalmology (Philadelphia, Pa.)
Published Date: Aug 14, 2024

Abstract

The emergence of generative artificial intelligence (AI) has revolutionized various fields. In ophthalmology, generative AI has the potential to enhance efficiency, accuracy, personalization and innovation in clinical practice and medical research, through processing data, streamlining medical documentation, facilitating patient-doctor communication, aiding in clinical decision-making, and simulating clinical trials. This review focuses on the development and integration of generative AI models into clinical workflows and scientific research of ophthalmology. It outlines the need for development of a standard framework for comprehensive assessments, robust evidence, and exploration of the potential of multimodal capabilities and intelligent agents. Additionally, the review addresses the risks in AI model development and application in clinical service and research of ophthalmology, including data privacy, data bias, adaptation friction, over interdependence, and job replacement, based on which we summarized a risk management framework to mitigate these concerns. This review highlights the transformative potential of generative AI in enhancing patient care, improving operational efficiency in the clinical service and research in ophthalmology. It also advocates for a balanced approach to its adoption.

Authors

  • Xiaoru Feng
    School of Biomedical Engineering, Tsinghua Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China; Institute for Hospital Management, Tsinghua Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
  • Kezheng Xu
    State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Guangzhou, China.
  • Ming-Jie Luo
    State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Guangzhou, China.
  • Haichao Chen
    Tsinghua Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
  • Yangfan Yang
    State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Vision Science, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Guangzhou, China.
  • Qi He
    Key Laboratory of Mechanism Theory and Equipment Design of Ministry of Education, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China.
  • Chenxin Song
    Research Centre of Big Data and Artificial Research for Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.
  • Ruiyao Li
    College of Electronic Engineering (College of Artificial Intelligence), South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
  • You Wu
    Tsinghua University School of Medicine, Beijing, China.
  • Haibo Wang
    Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 197 Ruijin 2nd Road, Shanghai, 200025, PR China.
  • Yih Chung Tham
    Department of Ophthalmology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore. thamyc@nus.edu.sg.
  • Daniel Shu Wei Ting
    Singapore National Eye Center, Singapore Eye Research Institute Singapore Health Service Singapore Singapore.
  • Haotian Lin
    State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou.
  • Tien Yin Wong
    Singapore National Eye Center, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore 168751, Singapore; National Institutes of Health Research Biomedical Research Centre Biomedical Centre, Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, London, UK.
  • Dennis Shun-Chiu Lam
    The International Eye Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong (Shenzhen), Shenzhen, China; The C-MER International Eye Care Group, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.

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