Artificial Intelligence Medical Compendium

Explore the latest research on artificial intelligence and machine learning in medicine.

Showing 201 to 210 of 212,780 articles

Closed-loop control of in vitro neuronal activity using reinforcement learning after in silico pre-training

bioRxiv Jul 20, 2026
Controlling specific neuronal dynamics with electrical stimulation is critical for therapeutic neuromodulation, yet deriving optimal control policies remains challenging due to the complex and non-stationary nature of biological neuronal networks. Wh... read more 
neuroscience

GDTR: Layer-wise Settling Depth Reveals Biological Grammar in Genomic Foundation Models

bioRxiv Jul 20, 2026
Genomic foundation models capture sequence regularities, yet existing interpretability tools rarely ask where in the layer stack a biological grammar becomes stable. We introduce GDTR, the Genomic Deep-Thinking Ratio, a training-free residual-stream ... read more 
bioinformatics

Factorization and spatial encodings: a hypothesis about the foundations of the genomic code

bioRxiv Jul 20, 2026
The genomic mechanisms that efficiently encode the initial architecture and synaptic connectivity of neural circuits remain poorly understood. We hypothesise that two primary mechanisms -- spatial encoding and factorisation -- enable a limited genome... read more 
neuroscience

Interpretable Peripheral Blood Cell Classification via Vision-Language Concept Bottleneck and Soft Decision Tree

bioRxiv Jul 20, 2026
Motivation: Deep learning classifiers for medical image analysis typically function as black boxes, disclosing neither the image features underlying their predictions nor the reasoning by which individual decisions are reached. Peripheral blood cell ... read more 
bioinformatics

Deep learning framework for kinematic event detection and stimulation decoding in primate reaching behavior

bioRxiv Jul 20, 2026
Accurate analysis of motor behavior requires the reliable detection of ongoing kinematic events and a granular characterization of the changes in motor output that occur in response to neural impairments. This article describes a deep learning framew... read more 
animal behavior and cognition

When does more data help? Spectral Geometry and Scaling Laws in MRI Transformers

bioRxiv Jul 20, 2026
Scaling laws describe how model performance improves as the amount of training data increases, and recent theories such as the zeta law suggest that scaling behavior is influenced by the eigenspectrum of the model's latent representation. Here, we ev... read more 
neuroscience

Deep learning representations of human Immune Health for precision immunology

bioRxiv Jul 20, 2026
The human immune system is composed of [~]30-50 distinct cell types, each of which can exist in different states of activation or differentiation. Indeed, the mammalian immune system has evolved to sense and respond to infections, cancers, injuries, ... read more 
immunology

scRepresenter: a workflow for computing, integrating and benchmarking cellular representations in single-cell transcriptomics

bioRxiv Jul 20, 2026
Motivation: Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) has become an attractive tool for studying complex diseases, in which transient cell states affecting diverse cell populations characterise disease development and progression. However, due to data s... read more 
bioinformatics

Leveraging multiplicity in biologically informed neural networks to uncover disease heterogeneity

bioRxiv Jul 20, 2026
Biologically inspired neural networks (BINNs) embed pathway, ontology, or protein-interaction structure directly into neural networks, promising interpretable disease prediction where hidden nodes map to named biological entities. Yet BINNs have been... read more 
bioinformatics

ProteinDock: A physics-informed layer to improve protein-protein docking reliability

bioRxiv Jul 20, 2026
Computational modeling provides geometric insight into protein-protein interactions without requiring the resources of experimentation. However, reliability can be hindered when modeling proteins with distinctive features, such as antibodies, that us... read more 
bioengineering
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