Artificial Intelligence Medical Compendium

Gamma oscillations are critical for cortical cognitive processing. The ability to generate gamma oscillations evolves with age and requires cellular adjustments of the underlying neural networks. In the prefrontal cortex, gamma oscillations emerge re... read more 

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) are the most common approach for learning complex relational data represented using graph data structures. Although GNNs are effective at learning representations of both nodes and graphs for a given task, the learning pr... read more 

Knowledge distillation (KD) using machine translation (MT) teacher models has demonstrated effectiveness in enhancing end-to-end speech-to-text translation (ST). However, existing KD methods for ST primarily rely on the teacher's output distributions... read more 

Recognizing the structure of tabular (image) data aims to convert the table on the image to a machine-readable representation. The structure of tabular data is complex and diverse, including cases such as cell spanning, nested cell spanning, cell vac... read more 

Flexible modulation of temporal dynamics in neural sequences underlies many cognitive processes. For instance, we can adaptively change the speed of motor sequences and speech. While such flexibility is influenced by various factors such as attention... read more 

Global water stress is intensifying alongside the expansion of goods and services consumption. Based on consumption-based water footprint (CWF) accounting for 188 countries from 1990 to 2020, this study reveals a persistent strong coupling between wa... read more 

INTRODUCTION: Breast ultrasound is a widely accessible imaging method but highly operator-dependent. Artificial intelligence (AI) may improve breast lesion characterization, aiding in diagnostic decisions. OBJECTIVE: To validate an AI system (Koios D... read more 

BACKGROUND: Inpatients with diabetes have higher early unplanned readmission (EUR) rates. Diabetes management team (DMT) review reduces EUR. While glucose-based patient selection for DMT reduces in-hospital adverse outcomes, this single criterion is ... read more 

OBJECTIVES: To address Croatia's high lung cancer mortality and late-stage diagnoses, the Ministry of Health initiated a multidisciplinary effort to design a national lung cancer screening program. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Lung cancer remains one of th... read more 

RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES: To provide a context-aware evaluation of deep learning algorithms for vertebral fracture detection by disentangling subject-level from vertebra-level approaches, quantifying the influence of key technical and methodological ... read more