Artificial Intelligence Medical Compendium

BACKGROUND: Manual abstraction of real-world data (RWD) from unstructured health records (HRs) remains resource intensive, error prone, and highly variable across institutions. Large language models (LLMs) offer a scalable alternative, but their perf... read more 

Greater consumption of food prepared out of the home (OOH) is associated with higher energy intake. Strategies are needed to make eating OOH food less harmful to health. Identifying menu characteristics associated with higher energy consumption could... read more 

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is characterized by a dense stroma and dysfunctional vasculature, limiting drug delivery and immune infiltration, while melanoma, though less fibrotic, remains highly metastatic and treatment-resistant. To over... read more 

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Timely treatment of pediatric obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) can prevent or reverse neurocognitive and cardiovascular morbidities. However, whether distinct phenotypes exist and account for divergent treatment effectiveness ... read more 

Alzheimer's disease (AD) involves progressive cholinergic degeneration, with acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) playing key enzymatic roles in its pathology. In this study, we computationally repurposed four FDA-approved qui... read more 

BACKGROUND: Pericoronary adipose tissue (PCAT) attenuation on coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) reflects local vascular inflammation, but its prognostic performance across heterogeneous imaging protocols and follow-up durations remains ... read more 

BACKGROUND: Pediatric obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) affects ∼3 % of children and causes adverse neurocognitive, behavioral, and cardiovascular outcomes. Polysomnography (PSG) remains the gold standard but faces accessibility constraints. This review ... read more 

PURPOSE: To develop an interpretable fusion deep learning model based on super-resolution (SR) MRI for predicting preoperative perineural invasion (PNI) in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) and to evaluate its role in guiding postoperative prog... read more 

The human microbiome plays a vital role in maintaining physiological balance and influencing immunity, metabolism, and disease development. Over the past decade, the field has witnessed a remarkable transition from traditional 16S rRNA sequencing and... read more 

BACKGROUND: Monteggia fractures are a complex elbow injury that can be missed in up to 50% of pediatric elbow injuries during initial radiographic assessment due to their subtlety. The development of more advanced diagnostic tools is crucial to ensur... read more