Optimizing cystoscopy and TURBT: enhanced imaging and artificial intelligence.

Journal: Nature reviews. Urology
Published Date: Jul 9, 2024

Abstract

Diagnostic cystoscopy in combination with transurethral resection of the bladder tumour are the standard for the diagnosis, surgical treatment and surveillance of bladder cancer. The ability to inspect the bladder in its current form stems from a long chain of advances in imaging science and endoscopy. Despite these advances, bladder cancer recurrence and progression rates remain high after endoscopic resection. This stagnation is a result of the heterogeneity of cancer biology as well as limitations in surgical techniques and tools, as incomplete resection and provider-specific differences affect cancer persistence and early recurrence. An unmet clinical need remains for solutions that can improve tumour delineation and resection. Translational advances in enhanced cystoscopy technologies and artificial intelligence offer promising avenues to overcoming the progress plateau.

Authors

  • Eugene Shkolyar
    Department of Urology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA; Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, USA.
  • Steve R Zhou
    Department of Urology, Stanford University School of Medicine, 453 Quarry Road, Mail Code 5656, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA.
  • Camella J Carlson
    Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA.
  • Shuang Chang
    Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA.
  • Mark A Laurie
    Department of Urology, Stanford University School of Medicine, 453 Quarry Road, Mail Code 5656, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA; Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University School of Medicine, 875 Blake Wilbur Drive Room G204, Stanford, CA 94305-5847, USA; Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USA; Institute for Computational and Mathematical Engineering, Stanford University School of Engineering, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
  • Lei Xing
    Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University, CA, USA.
  • Audrey K Bowden
    Department of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA.
  • Joseph C Liao
    Department of Urology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.

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