An international study presenting a federated learning AI platform for pediatric brain tumors.

Journal: Nature communications
Published Date: Sep 2, 2024

Abstract

While multiple factors impact disease, artificial intelligence (AI) studies in medicine often use small, non-diverse patient cohorts due to data sharing and privacy issues. Federated learning (FL) has emerged as a solution, enabling training across hospitals without direct data sharing. Here, we present FL-PedBrain, an FL platform for pediatric posterior fossa brain tumors, and evaluate its performance on a diverse, realistic, multi-center cohort. Pediatric brain tumors were targeted due to the scarcity of such datasets, even in tertiary care hospitals. Our platform orchestrates federated training for joint tumor classification and segmentation across 19 international sites. FL-PedBrain exhibits less than a 1.5% decrease in classification and a 3% reduction in segmentation performance compared to centralized data training. FL boosts segmentation performance by 20 to 30% on three external, out-of-network sites. Finally, we explore the sources of data heterogeneity and examine FL robustness in real-world scenarios with data imbalances.

Authors

  • Edward H Lee
    Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, 300 Pasteur Drive, H3630, Stanford, CA, 94305.
  • Michelle Han
    Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, 300 Pasteur Drive, H3630, Stanford, CA, 94305.
  • Jason Wright
    6Department of Radiology, Seattle Children's Hospital, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington.
  • Michael Kuwabara
    Department of Radiology, Phoenix Children's Hospital, Phoenix, AZ, USA.
  • Jacob Mevorach
    Amazon Web Services, Seattle, WA, USA.
  • Gang Fu
    PubChem, National Center for Biotechnology Information, National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health Department of Health and Human Services 8600 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20894, USA.
  • Olivia Choudhury
    Postdoctoral Researcher, IBM Research, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA. olivia.choudhury1@ibm.com.
  • Ujjwal Ratan
    Amazon Web Services, Seattle, WA, USA.
  • Michael Zhang
    Thayer School of Engineering at Dartmouth College Hanover NH USA john.zhang@dartmouth.edu.
  • Matthias W Wagner
    Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Zurich, Raemistrasse 100, 8091, Zurich, Switzerland.
  • Robert Goetti
    Department of Medical Imaging, The Children's Hospital at Westmead, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
  • Sebastian Toescu
    Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London, UK.
  • Sebastien Perreault
    Division of Child Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada.
  • Hakan Dogan
    Department of Radiology, Koç University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey.
  • Emre Altinmakas
    Department of Diagnostic, Molecular and Interventional Radiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
  • Maryam Mohammadzadeh
    Department of Radiology, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
  • Kathryn A Szymanski
    Department of Radiology, Phoenix Children's Hospital, Phoenix, AZ, USA.
  • Cynthia J Campen
    Department of Neurology, Lucile Packard Children's Hospital, Stanford University Medical School, Palo Alto, CA, USA.
  • Hollie Lai
    Department of Radiology, Children's Hospital of Orange County, Orange, CA, USA.
  • Azam Eghbal
    Department of Radiology, Children's Hospital of Orange County, Orange, CA, USA.
  • Alireza Radmanesh
    Department of Radiology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
  • Kshitij Mankad
    Department of Neuroradiology, Great Ormond Street Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Great Ormond St, London, WC1N 3JH, UK.
  • Kristian Aquilina
    Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London, UK.
  • Mourad Said
    Radiology Department, Centre International Carthage Médicale, Monastir, Tunisia.
  • Arastoo Vossough
    Division of Radiology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
  • Ozgur Oztekin
    Department of Neuroradiology, Bakırçay University, Çiğli Education and Research Hospital, İzmir, Turkey.
  • Birgit Ertl-Wagner
    Department of Radiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Munich, Germany.
  • Tina Poussaint
    Department of Radiology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
  • Eric M Thompson
    Department of Neurosurgery, Duke Children's Hospital & Health Center, Durham, NC, USA.
  • Chang Y Ho
    Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA. cyho@iu.edu.
  • Alok Jaju
    Department of Radiology, Phoenix Children's Hospital, Phoenix, AZ, USA.
  • John Curran
    Department of Radiology, Phoenix Children's Hospital, Phoenix, AZ, USA.
  • Vijay Ramaswamy
    7Section of Neuro-Oncology, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
  • Samuel H Cheshier
    10Department of Neurosurgery, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah; and.
  • Gerald A Grant
    Departments of1Neurosurgery and.
  • S Simon Wong
    Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
  • Michael E Moseley
    Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
  • Robert M Lober
    8Department of Neurosurgery, Dayton Children's Hospital, Wright State University Boonshoft School of Medicine, Dayton, Ohio.
  • Mattias Wilms
    Departments of Pediatrics, Community Health Sciences, and Radiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.
  • Nils D Forkert
    Department of Radiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada. nils.forkert@ucalgary.ca.
  • Nicholas A Vitanza
    Ben Towne Center for Childhood Cancer Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA.
  • Jeffrey H Miller
    Department of Radiology, Phoenix Children's Hospital, Phoenix, AZ, USA.
  • Laura M Prolo
    Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
  • Kristen W Yeom
    Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, California, United States of America.

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