Recent Advances in Structured Illumination Microscopy: From Fundamental Principles to AI-Enhanced Imaging.

Journal: Small methods
Published Date: Mar 3, 2025

Abstract

Structured illumination microscopy (SIM) has emerged as a pivotal super-resolution technique in biological imaging. This review aims to introduce the fundamental principles of SIM, primarily focuses on the latest developments in super-resolution SIM imaging, such as the light illumination and modulation devices, and the image reconstruction algorithms. Additionally, the application of deep learning (DL) technology in SIM imaging is explored, which is employed to enhance image quality, accelerate imaging and reconstruction speed or replace the current image reconstruction method. Furthermore, the key evaluation metrics are proposed and discussed for assessment of deep-learning neural networks, especially for their employment in SIM. Finally, the future integration of artificial intelligence (AI) with SIM system and the perspective of smart microscope are also discussed.

Authors

  • Heng Zhang
    Department of Gastroenterology, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
  • Yunqi Zhu
  • Luhong Jin
    Department of Biomedical Engineering, MOE Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentation, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardio-Cerebral Vascular Detection Technology and Medicinal Effectiveness Appraisal, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China; Alibaba-Zhejiang University Joint Research Center of Future Digital Healthcare, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
  • Haixu Yang
    Department of Biomedical Engineering, MOE Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentation, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardio-Cerebral Vascular Detection Technology and Medicinal Effectiveness Appraisal, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China. yingkexu@zju.edu.cn.
  • Jianhang Wang
    Department of Biomedical Engineering, MOE Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentation, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardio-Cerebral Vascular Detection Technology and Medicinal Effectiveness Appraisal, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
  • Sergey Ablameyko
    National Academy of Sciences, United Institute of Informatics Problems, Belarusian State University, Minsk, 220012, Belarus.
  • Xu Liu
    School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore. liuxu16@bjut.edu.cn.
  • Yingke Xu
    Department of Biomedical Engineering, MOE Key Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardio-Cerebral Vascular Detection Technology and Medicinal Effectiveness Appraisal, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China. Electronic address: yingkexu@zju.edu.cn.

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