Comparative Analysis of Information Quality in Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology: Clinicians, Residents, and Large Language Models.

Journal: Otolaryngology--head and neck surgery : official journal of American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery
Published Date: Jul 1, 2025

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: Pediatric otorhinolaryngology (ORL) addresses complex conditions in children, requiring a tailored approach for patients and families. With artificial intelligence (AI) gaining traction in medical applications, this study evaluates the quality of information provided by large language models (LLMs) in comparison to clinicians, identifying strengths and limitations in the field of pediatric ORL.

Authors

  • Eleonora M C Trecca
    GOS, Young Otolaryngologists Group of the Italian Society of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Rome, Italy.
  • Vito Carlo Alberto Caponio
    Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy.
  • Mario Turri-Zanoni
    GOS, Young Otolaryngologists Group of the Italian Society of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Rome, Italy.
  • Antonella Miriam di Lullo
    GOS, Young Otolaryngologists Group of the Italian Society of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Rome, Italy.
  • Michele Gaffuri
    GOS, Young Otolaryngologists Group of the Italian Society of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Rome, Italy.
  • Jérôme R Lechien
    Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Division of Laryngology and Bronchoesophagology, Baudour, Belgium.
  • Antonino Maniaci
    GOS, Young Otolaryngologists Group of the Italian Society of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Rome, Italy.
  • Giuseppe Maruccio
    CNR NANOTEC Institute of Nanotechnology, via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy; Department of Mathematics and Physics, University of Salento, via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy. Electronic address: giuseppe.maruccio@unisalento.it.
  • Marella Reale
    GOS, Young Otolaryngologists Group of the Italian Society of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Rome, Italy.
  • Irene Claudia Visconti
    GOS, Young Otolaryngologists Group of the Italian Society of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Rome, Italy.
  • Virginia Dallari
    GOS, Young Otolaryngologists Group of the Italian Society of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Rome, Italy.

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