Improving the Readability of Institutional Heart Failure-Related Patient Education Materials Using GPT-4: Observational Study.

Journal: JMIR cardio
Published Date: Jul 8, 2025

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Heart failure management involves comprehensive lifestyle modifications such as daily weights, fluid and sodium restriction, and blood pressure monitoring, placing additional responsibility on patients and caregivers, with successful adherence often requiring extensive counseling and understandable patient education materials (PEMs). Prior research has shown PEMs related to cardiovascular disease often exceed the American Medical Association's fifth- to sixth-grade recommended reading level. The large language model (LLM) ChatGPT may be a useful tool for improving PEM readability.

Authors

  • Ryan C King
    Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of California, Irvine Medical Center, 101 The City Dr S, Orange, CA, 92868, United States, 1 714-456-7890.
  • Jamil S Samaan
    Department of Medicine, Karsh Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States.
  • Joseph Haquang
    Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of California, Irvine Medical Center, 101 The City Dr S, Orange, CA, 92868, United States, 1 714-456-7890.
  • Vishnu Bharani
    Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of California, Irvine Medical Center, 101 The City Dr S, Orange, CA, 92868, United States, 1 714-456-7890.
  • Samuel Margolis
    Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.
  • Nitin Srinivasan
    Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States.
  • Yuxin Peng
  • Yee Hui Yeo
    Division of Gastroenterology and HepatologyStanford University Medical CenterPalo AltoCaliforniaUSA.
  • Roxana Ghashghaei
    Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of California, Irvine Medical Center, 101 The City Dr S, Orange, CA, 92868, United States, 1 714-456-7890.

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