A deep neural network approach to predicting clinical outcomes of neuroblastoma patients.

Journal: BMC medical genomics
Published Date:

Abstract

BACKGROUND: The availability of high-throughput omics datasets from large patient cohorts has allowed the development of methods that aim at predicting patient clinical outcomes, such as survival and disease recurrence. Such methods are also important to better understand the biological mechanisms underlying disease etiology and development, as well as treatment responses. Recently, different predictive models, relying on distinct algorithms (including Support Vector Machines and Random Forests) have been investigated. In this context, deep learning strategies are of special interest due to their demonstrated superior performance over a wide range of problems and datasets. One of the main challenges of such strategies is the "small n large p" problem. Indeed, omics datasets typically consist of small numbers of samples and large numbers of features relative to typical deep learning datasets. Neural networks usually tackle this problem through feature selection or by including additional constraints during the learning process.

Authors

  • Léon-Charles Tranchevent
    Proteome and Genome Research Unit, Department of Oncology, Luxembourg Institute of Health, 1A-B, rue Thomas Edison, Strassen, L-1445, Luxembourg.
  • Francisco Azuaje
    Proteome and Genome Research Unit, Department of Oncology, Luxembourg Institute of Health, 1A-B, rue Thomas Edison, Strassen, L-1445, Luxembourg.
  • Jagath C Rajapakse
    Bioinformatics Research Center, School of Computer Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore; Singapore-MIT Alliance, Singapore; Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, USA.