Operational framework and training standard requirements for AI-empowered robotic surgery.

Journal: The international journal of medical robotics + computer assisted surgery : MRCAS
Published Date: Jun 8, 2020

Abstract

BACKGROUND: For autonomous robot-delivered surgeries to ever become a feasible option, we recommend the combination of human-centered artificial intelligence (AI) and transparent machine learning (ML), with integrated Gross anatomy models. This can be supplemented with medical imaging data of cadavers for performance evaluation.

Authors

  • Shane O'Sullivan
    Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg - Medical Centre, Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany.
  • Simon Leonard
    Centre for Change and Complexity in Learning, UniSA: Education Futures, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia.
  • Andreas Holzinger
    Human-Centered AI Lab, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.
  • Colin Allen
    Department of History and Philosophy of Science, University of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
  • Fiorella Battaglia
    Faculty of Philosophy, Philosophy of Science and the Study of Religion, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, München, Germany.
  • Nathalie Nevejans
    Ethics and Procedures Center (CDEP), Faculty of Law of Douai, University of Artois, Arras, France.
  • Fijs W B van Leeuwen
    Interventional Molecular Imaging Laboratory, Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Hospital, Albinusdreef 2, 2300RC, Leiden, The Netherlands. F.W.B.van_Leeuwen@lumc.nl.
  • Mohammed Imran Sajid
    Department of Upper GI Surgery, Wirral University Teaching Hospital, UK.
  • Michael Friebe
    Department of Measurements and Electronics, AGH University of Science and Technology, Krak'ow, Poland.
  • Hutan Ashrafian
    Institute of Global Health Innovation, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom.
  • Helmut Heinsen
    Medical School of the University of São Paulo, Av. Reboucas 381, São Paulo, SP 05401-000, Brazil. Electronic address: heinsen@mail.uni-wuerzburg.de.
  • Dominic Wichmann
    Department of Intensive Care, University Hospital Hamburg Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
  • Margaret Hartnett
    GB Group plc, Chester, UK.
  • Anthony G Gallagher
    Faculty of Life and Health Sciences, Ulster University, Londonderry, UK.

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