Weakly-supervised detection of AMD-related lesions in color fundus images using explainable deep learning.

Journal: Computer methods and programs in biomedicine
Published Date:

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a degenerative disorder affecting the macula, a key area of the retina for visual acuity. Nowadays, AMD is the most frequent cause of blindness in developed countries. Although some promising treatments have been proposed that effectively slow down its development, their effectiveness significantly diminishes in the advanced stages. This emphasizes the importance of large-scale screening programs for early detection. Nevertheless, implementing such programs for a disease like AMD is usually unfeasible, since the population at risk is large and the diagnosis is challenging. For the characterization of the disease, clinicians have to identify and localize certain retinal lesions. All this motivates the development of automatic diagnostic methods. In this sense, several works have achieved highly positive results for AMD detection using convolutional neural networks (CNNs). However, none of them incorporates explainability mechanisms linking the diagnosis to its related lesions to help clinicians to better understand the decisions of the models. This is specially relevant, since the absence of such mechanisms limits the application of automatic methods in the clinical practice. In that regard, we propose an explainable deep learning approach for the diagnosis of AMD via the joint identification of its associated retinal lesions.

Authors

  • José Morano
    Centro de Investigación CITIC, Universidade da Coruña, A Coruña, Spain; VARPA Research Group, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruńa (INIBIC), Universidade da Coruña, A Coruña, Spain. Electronic address: j.morano@udc.es.
  • Álvaro S Hervella
    Centro de Investigación CITIC, Universidade da Coruña, Campus de Elviña, s/n, 15071 A Coruña, Spain; Grupo VARPA, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña (INIBIC), Universidade da Coruña, Xubias de Arriba, 84, 15006 A Coruña, Spain. Electronic address: a.suarezh@udc.es.
  • José Rouco
    Instituto de Engenharia de Sistemas e Computadores - Tecnologia e Ciência (INESC-TEC), R. Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200 Porto, Portugal.
  • Jorge Novo
    Centro de Investigación CITIC, Universidade da Coruña, Campus de Elviña, A Coruña, 15071, Spain.
  • José I Fernández-Vigo
    Department of Ophthalmology, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain; Department of Ophthalmology, Centro Internacional de Oftalmología Avanzada, Madrid, Spain. Electronic address: jfvigo@hotmail.com.
  • Marcos Ortega
    Centro de Investigación CITIC, Universidade da Coruña, Campus de Elviña, A Coruña, 15071, Spain.