Exploring the Applications of Indocyanine Green in Robot-Assisted Urological Surgery: A Comprehensive Review of Fluorescence-Guided Techniques.

Journal: Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
PMID: 37420664

Abstract

This comprehensive review aims to explore the applications of indocyanine green (ICG) in robot-assisted urological surgery through a detailed examination of fluorescence-guided techniques. An extensive literature search was conducted in PubMed/MEDLINE, EMBASE and Scopus, using keywords such as "indocyanine green," "ICG", "NIRF", "Near Infrared Fluorescence", "robot-assisted", and "urology". Additional suitable articles were collected by manually cross-referencing the bibliography of previously selected papers. The integration of the Firefly technology in the Da Vinci robotic system has opened new avenues for the advancement and exploration of different urological procedures. ICG is a fluorophore widely used in near-infrared fluorescence-guided techniques. The synergistic combination of intraoperative support, safety profiles and widespread availability comprises an additional asset that empowers ICG-guided robotic surgery. This overview of the current state of the art illustrates the potential advantages and broad applications of combining ICG-fluorescence guidance with robotic-assisted urological surgery.

Authors

  • Leslie Claire Licari
    Urology Unit, Department of Maternal-Child and Urological Sciences, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Policlinico Umberto I Hospital, Viale del Policlinico 155, 00161 Rome, Italy.
  • Eugenio Bologna
    Urology Unit, Department of Maternal-Child and Urological Sciences, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Policlinico Umberto I Hospital, Viale del Policlinico 155, 00161 Rome, Italy.
  • Flavia Proietti
    Department of Maternal-Infant and Urological Sciences, Sapienza University/Policlinico Umberto I, Rome, Italy.
  • Rocco Simone Flammia
    Department of Maternal-Infant and Urological Sciences, Sapienza University/Policlinico Umberto I, Rome, Italy.
  • Alfredo Maria Bove
    Department of Urology, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy.
  • Simone D'annunzio
    Department of Urology, IRCCS "Regina Elena" National Cancer Institute, Via Elio Chianesi 53, 00144 Rome, Italy.
  • Gabriele Tuderti
    Department of Urology, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy.
  • Costantino Leonardo
    Department of Urology, La Sapienza University, Rome, Italy.

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