Artificial intelligence in diagnosing dens evaginatus on periapical radiography with limited data availability.

Journal: Scientific reports
PMID:

Abstract

This study aimed to develop an artificial intelligence (AI) model using deep learning techniques to diagnose dens evaginatus (DE) on periapical radiography (PA) and compare its performance with endodontist evaluations. In total, 402 PA images (138 DE and 264 normal cases) were used. A pre-trained ResNet model, which had the highest AUC of 0.878, was selected due to the small number of data. The PA images were handled in both the full (F model) and cropped (C model) models. There were no significant statistical differences between the C and F model in AI, while there were in endodontists (p = 0.753 and 0.04 in AUC, respectively). The AI model exhibited superior AUC in both the F and C models compared to endodontists. Cohen's kappa demonstrated a substantial level of agreement for the AI model (0.774 in the F model and 0.684 in C) and fair agreement for specialists. The AI's judgment was also based on the coronal pulp area on full PA, as shown by the class activation map. Therefore, these findings suggest that the AI model can improve diagnostic accuracy and support clinicians in diagnosing DE on PA, improving the long-term prognosis of the tooth.

Authors

  • Eunhye Choi
    Department of Oral Medicine and Oral Diagnosis, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, 101, Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea.
  • KangMi Pang
    Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Seoul National University Dental Hospital, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea. pkm81@snu.ac.kr.
  • Eunjae Jeong
    Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, Dongguk University - Seoul, 30 Pildong-ro 1-gil, Jung-gu, Seoul, 04620, Republic of Korea.
  • Sangho Lee
    Armed Forces Seoul District Hospital, Seoul, South Korea.
  • Youngdoo Son
    Research Institute of Engineering and Entrepreneurship, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea.
  • Min-Seock Seo
    Department of Conservative Dentistry, Wonkwang University Daejeon Dental Hospital, Daejeon, South Korea.