An Update on MR Spectroscopy in Cancer Management: Advances in Instrumentation, Acquisition, and Analysis.

Journal: Radiology. Imaging cancer
Published Date: May 1, 2024

Abstract

MR spectroscopy (MRS) is a noninvasive imaging method enabling chemical and molecular profiling of tissues in a localized, multiplexed, and nonionizing manner. As metabolic reprogramming is a hallmark of cancer, MRS provides valuable metabolic and molecular information for cancer diagnosis, prognosis, treatment monitoring, and patient management. This review provides an update on the use of MRS for clinical cancer management. The first section includes an overview of the principles of MRS, current methods, and conventional metabolites of interest. The remainder of the review is focused on three key areas: advances in instrumentation, specifically ultrahigh-field-strength MRI scanners and hybrid systems; emerging methods for acquisition, including deuterium imaging, hyperpolarized carbon 13 MRI and MRS, chemical exchange saturation transfer, diffusion-weighted MRS, MR fingerprinting, and fast acquisition; and analysis aided by artificial intelligence. The review concludes with future recommendations to facilitate routine use of MRS in cancer management. MR Spectroscopy, Spectroscopic Imaging, Molecular Imaging in Oncology, Metabolic Reprogramming, Clinical Cancer Management © RSNA, 2024.

Authors

  • Eva Martinez Luque
    From the Departments of Radiology and Imaging Sciences (E.M.L., Z.L., D.S., J.W.A., C.C.F.) and Neurology (J.W.A.), Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Ga; Department of Biomedical Engineering (E.M.L., Z.L., D.S., J.W.A., C.C.F.), Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, Ga; College of Arts and Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, Ga (R.M.G.); and College of Business (R.A.) and College of Sciences (A.B., N.S.A.), Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia.
  • Zexuan Liu
    From the Departments of Radiology and Imaging Sciences (E.M.L., Z.L., D.S., J.W.A., C.C.F.) and Neurology (J.W.A.), Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Ga; Department of Biomedical Engineering (E.M.L., Z.L., D.S., J.W.A., C.C.F.), Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, Ga; College of Arts and Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, Ga (R.M.G.); and College of Business (R.A.) and College of Sciences (A.B., N.S.A.), Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia.
  • Dongsuk Sung
    From the Departments of Radiology and Imaging Sciences (E.M.L., Z.L., D.S., J.W.A., C.C.F.) and Neurology (J.W.A.), Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Ga; Department of Biomedical Engineering (E.M.L., Z.L., D.S., J.W.A., C.C.F.), Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, Ga; College of Arts and Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, Ga (R.M.G.); and College of Business (R.A.) and College of Sciences (A.B., N.S.A.), Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia.
  • Rachel M Goldberg
    From the Departments of Radiology and Imaging Sciences (E.M.L., Z.L., D.S., J.W.A., C.C.F.) and Neurology (J.W.A.), Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Ga; Department of Biomedical Engineering (E.M.L., Z.L., D.S., J.W.A., C.C.F.), Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, Ga; College of Arts and Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, Ga (R.M.G.); and College of Business (R.A.) and College of Sciences (A.B., N.S.A.), Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia.
  • Rishab Agarwal
    From the Departments of Radiology and Imaging Sciences (E.M.L., Z.L., D.S., J.W.A., C.C.F.) and Neurology (J.W.A.), Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Ga; Department of Biomedical Engineering (E.M.L., Z.L., D.S., J.W.A., C.C.F.), Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, Ga; College of Arts and Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, Ga (R.M.G.); and College of Business (R.A.) and College of Sciences (A.B., N.S.A.), Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia.
  • Aditya Bhattacharya
    From the Departments of Radiology and Imaging Sciences (E.M.L., Z.L., D.S., J.W.A., C.C.F.) and Neurology (J.W.A.), Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Ga; Department of Biomedical Engineering (E.M.L., Z.L., D.S., J.W.A., C.C.F.), Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, Ga; College of Arts and Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, Ga (R.M.G.); and College of Business (R.A.) and College of Sciences (A.B., N.S.A.), Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia.
  • Nadine S Ahmed
    From the Departments of Radiology and Imaging Sciences (E.M.L., Z.L., D.S., J.W.A., C.C.F.) and Neurology (J.W.A.), Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Ga; Department of Biomedical Engineering (E.M.L., Z.L., D.S., J.W.A., C.C.F.), Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, Ga; College of Arts and Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, Ga (R.M.G.); and College of Business (R.A.) and College of Sciences (A.B., N.S.A.), Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia.
  • Jason W Allen
    Department of Biomedical Informatics, Emory School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.
  • Candace C Fleischer
    From the Departments of Radiology and Imaging Sciences (E.M.L., Z.L., D.S., J.W.A., C.C.F.) and Neurology (J.W.A.), Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Ga; Department of Biomedical Engineering (E.M.L., Z.L., D.S., J.W.A., C.C.F.), Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, Ga; College of Arts and Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, Ga (R.M.G.); and College of Business (R.A.) and College of Sciences (A.B., N.S.A.), Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia.

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