Artificial Intelligence Medical Compendium

Chest X-Ray (CXR) is a primary modality for diagnosing pulmonary diseases, yet the overlap of bony structures often obscures critical radiographic findings, increasing the risk of diagnostic uncertainty. While Dual-Energy Subtraction (DES) is the cli... read more 

Spatial intelligence requires scalable 3D environments that are both photorealistic and semantically grounded, yet existing indoor datasets are dominated by room-scale captures and costly LiDAR acquisition. Online real-estate platforms offer abundant... read more 

Cameras and the foundation models built on them recognize what a 3D scene contains, but not what it is made of: surfaces of the same colour can be different materials. Hyperspectral unmixing explains each spectrum as a mixture of material signatures,... read more 

3D Gaussian Splatting (3DGS) enables high-quality, real-time novel view synthesis but requires significant storage and transmission resources. Mapping Gaussian attributes to 2D representations enables efficient compression using mature image codecs. ... read more 

Aggregate performance metrics do not identify local modelling inaccuracies in machine learning (ML) surrogates used for thermal-system optimisation. This study assesses local modelling strength through validation-based reliability screening and post-... read more 

Automated defect detection of industrial boards must remain highly reliable under cross-scenario variations in lighting, surface contaminants, and production line conditions. This makes cross-scenario defect detection a domain generalization problem,... read more 

In medical annotation and crowdsourcing, multiple annotators assign labels to each example, but these labels may be incorrect. Treating such noisy labels as ground truth can bias calibration evaluation. To address this problem, we propose methods for... read more 

Text-to-image models increasingly generate readable Chinese text that still contains local rendering defects, such as a character with an extra or missing stroke or a malformed component. Such errors are invisible to OCR and vision-language models, w... read more 

Safety alignment of text-to-image diffusion models aims to suppress harmful content without compromising useful generation capabilities. However, preferences over completed images compress multidimensional generation factors into a coarse signal, pot... read more 

A spatial answer depends on the reference frame specified in language and its supporting visual evidence. Item accuracy alone obscures whether correctness persists when either changes. We introduce Frame Evidence, a benchmark of 320 matched triplets ... read more