AI Medical Compendium

Deep learning-based automatic adenoid segmentation and a novel volume-based index for adenoid hypertrophy assessment.

BMC oral health Jan 17, 2026

BACKGROUND: Adenoid hypertrophy is a common cause of pediatric obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), which can impair cognitive development and affect craniofacial development. Given that adenoids typically regress with age and may respond to oral appliance... read more

Machine learning and SHAP values for predicting coronary artery disease risk in Xinjiang, China.

European journal of medical research Jan 17, 2026

BACKGROUND: Accurate individual risk assessment is crucial for guiding and improving the prevention of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). Existing prediction models are primarily derived from Western Caucasian and Chinese Han populations... read more

An explainable and transparent machine learning approach for predicting dental caries: a cross-national validation study.

BMC oral health Jan 17, 2026

BACKGROUND: There has been a notable increase in artificial intelligence (AI) studies in dentistry. However, the inadequate use of proper validation methods has led to overly optimistic performance metrics of machine learning (ML) models. External va... read more

Machine learning for extracellular vesicles enables diagnostic and therapeutic nanobiotechnology.

Journal of nanobiotechnology Jan 17, 2026

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are emerging as naturally bioactive nanomaterials with intrinsic biocompatibility and targeting potential. Recent integration of machine learning (ML) into EV research has accelerated advances in molecular profiling, stru... read more

Reference Accuracy in Large Language Model Chatbots: A Metric for Inherent Misinformation?

Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research Jan 17, 2026

BACKGROUND We suggest that testing a large language model (LLM) chatbot in terms of the accuracy of the references it provides could be a powerful, quantifiable means of rating its inherent degree of misinformation, since the accuracy of the bibliogr... read more

Humans Artificial Intelligence Language Communication Generative Artificial Intelligence Large Language Models

Recognition of Normal Fetal Echocardiograms Based on an Explainable Denoising Deep Learning Model.

Journal of clinical ultrasound : JCU Jan 17, 2026

PURPOSE: To evaluate the proposed explainable denoising deep learning model, Grouped Shared Convolutional Attention Vision Transformer (GSCAViT), for classifying normal fetal echocardiogram. METHODS: A retrospective study was conducted on 358 fetal c... read more

Morphological characterization of a novel model of steatohepatitis in the FAH-/- pig.

Veterinary pathology Jan 17, 2026

Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH) is a global health care burden. Appropriate large animal models mimicking the main MASH characteristics of steatosis, inflammation, and hepatocyte damage alongside progression of fibrosis are im... read more

Prediction model for cardiovascular mortality risk in asthma patients based on machine learning.

The Journal of asthma : official journal of the Association for the Care of Asthma Jan 17, 2026

BackgroundAsthma is a common chronic respiratory disease, cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality constitutes a major public health concern. At present, no personalized tools are available to accurately estimate CVD mortality risk in this population. ... read more

Personalized Antibiogram: A Novel Multi-Task Machine Learning Framework for Simultaneous Prediction of Antimicrobial Resistance Profile with Enhanced Detection of Carbapenem Resistance in Enterobacteriaceae.

Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America Jan 17, 2026

BACKGROUND: Conventional hospital antibiograms summarize aggregated resistance rates, limiting their utility for individualized antimicrobial selection. Existing statistical and machine learning models predict each phenotype separately, ignoring corr... read more

Prioritizing Feasible and Impactful Actions to Enable Secure AI Development and Use in Biology.

Biotechnology and bioengineering Jan 17, 2026

As artificial intelligence continues to enhance biological innovation, the potential for misuse must be addressed to fully unlock the potential societal benefits. While significant work has been done to evaluate general-purpose AI and specialized bio... read more

Artificial Intelligence Medical Compendium