Artificial Intelligence Medical Compendium

BACKGROUND: Glomerular hematuria (GH) is a key parameter assessed during urine analysis that is poorly identified using the automated UF-5000 system, which may misclassify GH and delay the detection of underlying glomerular diseases. We developed a l... read more 

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to compare the accuracy, calibration, reproducibility and operating cost of seven large language models (LLMs)-including four newer models capable of using advanced reasoning techniques to analyse complex medica... read more 

UNLABELLED: Distinguishing latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) from active tuberculosis (ATB) remains challenging. The roles of cuproptosis-ferroptosis crosstalk in TB immunopathology and diagnostic potential are unexplored. Transcriptomic data from... read more 

OBJECTIVE: The Nottingham Histologic Grade (NHG) informs prognosis and treatment decisions in breast cancer, but NHG2 tumors are biologically heterogeneous, leading to both under- and over-treatment. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Clinical and imaging data f... read more 

OBJECTIVES: To investigate deep-learning (DL) model accuracy in quantifying multifidus (MF) and erector spinae (ES) fat fraction (FF) compared to Dixon MRI, and to explore the indirect effect of muscle function between muscle degeneration and disabil... read more 

ObjectiveTo assess baseline pigment epithelial detachment (PED) and other OCT biomarkers for predicting response to faricimab in treatment-naïve patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD).DesignThis was an observational, retros... read more 

Activating inert nitrogen (N2) under mild conditions remains a grand challenge in chemistry, constrained by strong N≡N bonding and high kinetic stability. While the Haber-Bosch process has long dominated ammonia (NH3) production, its energy-intensive... read more 

BACKGROUND: Radiology is at the center of the digital transformation of the healthcare system. As a highly digital field, radiology is well-suited for the early implementation and critical evaluation of innovative technologies, such as artificial int... read more 

Multiple imputation is well-established for handling missing data, yet its use in high-dimensional genetic datasets remains limited. Using pharmacokinetic tuberculosis simulations and SNP data (1000 Genomes Project), we compared machine learning (ML)... read more 

Advanced large language models with multimodal capabilities offer potential new applications in medical education. This study evaluated GPT-4o's performance in normal histology image interpretation. We assessed GPT-4o's ability to interpret 120 histo... read more