Artificial Intelligence Medical Compendium

This brief, focused review considers two of the more commonly used artificial intelligence (AI) methods encountered in nephrology publications: machine vision based on convolutional neural networks (CNNs) and chatbots, such as ChatGPT, based on large... read more 

BACKGROUND: Colony-stimulating factor-1 receptor (CSF1R) signaling is crucial for the ability of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) to establish an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME), highlighting the potential of CSF1R signaling as a th... read more 

Supervised deep learning methods have been widely employed to detect floating macroplastic litter (>5 mm) in (fresh)water bodies. However, few studies used them to quantify floating litter fluxes in rivers with wide cross-sections, that is important ... read more 

Opioids are often prescribed to treat chronic and post-operative pain, but there is data to suggest that opioid exposure can lead to hyperalgesia or allodynia, referring to increases in pain sensitivity to painful and innocuous stimuli, respectively.... read more 

INTRODUCTION: Traditional registration process of robotic root canal localization remains cumbersome. This study aimed to determine optimal point cloud registration strategies for robotic root canal localization and evaluate its accuracy. METHODS: 3D... read more 

INTRODUCTION: Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is a highly heterogeneous hematologic malignancy with poor prognosis in refractory and relapsed cases. Aurora kinase B (AURKB), a member of the Aurora kinase family, is markedly overexpressed in ALL pa... read more 

INTRODUCTION: Identifying cell types is a key step in single-cell RNA sequencing data analysis that aids in understanding cellular heterogeneity and facilitates downstream analyses such as those concerning cell-cell interactions and data integration.... read more 

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Automated sperm analysis systems rely on machine learning models, which must be trained on large and diverse datasets. However, obtaining real labelled microscopic samples is a costly, time-consuming process, often limited b... read more 

Virus-like particles (VLPs) have emerged as highly versatile and programmable nanoscaffolds for the development of advanced biodevices, particularly in nanobiosensing and nanoreactor engineering. This review systematically examines the structural and... read more 

BACKGROUND: Septic shock is a severe and life-threatening complication of sepsis associated with high mortality. Early identification remains challenging due to the heterogeneous clinical presentation of patients, incomplete real-world ICU data, and ... read more