TransAnaNet: Transformer-based anatomy change prediction network for head and neck cancer radiotherapy.

Journal: Medical physics
PMID:

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Adaptive radiotherapy (ART) can compensate for the dosimetric impact of anatomic change during radiotherapy of head-neck cancer (HNC) patients. However, implementing ART universally poses challenges in clinical workflow and resource allocation, given the variability in patient response and the constraints of available resources. Therefore, the prediction of anatomical change during radiotherapy for HNC patients is of importance to optimize patient clinical benefit and treatment resources. Current studies focus on developing binary ART eligibility classification models to identify patients who would experience significant anatomical change, but these models lack the ability to present the complex patterns and variations in anatomical changes over time. Vision Transformers (ViTs) represent a recent advancement in neural network architectures, utilizing self-attention mechanisms to process image data. Unlike traditional Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs), ViTs can capture global contextual information more effectively, making them well-suited for image analysis and image generation tasks that involve complex patterns and structures, such as predicting anatomical changes in medical imaging.

Authors

  • Meixu Chen
    Medical Artificial Intelligence and Automation (MAIA) Lab, Department of Radiation Oncology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA.
  • Kai Wang
    Department of Rheumatology, The Affiliated Huai'an No. 1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Huai'an, Jiangsu, China.
  • Michael Dohopolski
    Department of Radiation Oncology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States of America.
  • Howard Morgan
    Medical Artificial Intelligence and Automation Laboratory and Department of Radiation Oncology,University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, United States.
  • David Sher
    Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas.
  • Jing Wang
    Endoscopy Center, Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing, China.