Use of AI in Cardiac CT and MRI: A Scientific Statement from the ESCR, EuSoMII, NASCI, SCCT, SCMR, SIIM, and RSNA.

Journal: Radiology
PMID: 39873607

Abstract

Artificial intelligence (AI) offers promising solutions for many steps of the cardiac imaging workflow, from patient and test selection through image acquisition, reconstruction, and interpretation, extending to prognostication and reporting. Despite the development of many cardiac imaging AI algorithms, AI tools are at various stages of development and face challenges for clinical implementation. This scientific statement, endorsed by several societies in the field, provides an overview of the current landscape and challenges of AI applications in cardiac CT and MRI. Each section is organized into questions and statements that address key steps of the cardiac imaging workflow, including ethical, legal, and environmental sustainability considerations. A technology readiness level range of 1 to 9 summarizes the maturity level of AI tools and reflects the progression from preliminary research to clinical implementation. This document aims to bridge the gap between burgeoning research developments and limited clinical applications of AI tools in cardiac CT and MRI.

Authors

  • Domenico Mastrodicasa
    Division of Cardiovascular Imaging, Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Medical University of South Carolina, Ashley River Tower, 25 Courtenay Dr, Charleston, SC 29425-2260 (S.S.M., D.M., M.v.A., C.N.D.C., R.R.B., C.T., A.V.S., A.M.F., B.E.J., L.P.G., U.J.S.); Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany (S.S.M., T.J.V.); Stanford University School of Medicine, Department of Radiology, Stanford, Calif (D.M.); Division of Cardiothoracic Imaging, Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, Ga (C.N.D.C.); Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC (R.R.B.); Department of Cardiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Heart Center Munich-Bogenhausen, Munich, Germany (C.T.); Department of Cardiology, Munich University Clinic, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany (C.T.); Siemens Medical Solutions USA, Malvern, Pa (P.S.); and Department of Emergency Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC (A.J.M.).
  • Marly van Assen
    Division of Cardiovascular Imaging, Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Medical University of South Carolina, Ashley River Tower, 25 Courtenay Dr, Charleston, SC 29425-2260 (S.S.M., D.M., M.v.A., C.N.D.C., R.R.B., C.T., A.V.S., A.M.F., B.E.J., L.P.G., U.J.S.); Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany (S.S.M., T.J.V.); Stanford University School of Medicine, Department of Radiology, Stanford, Calif (D.M.); Division of Cardiothoracic Imaging, Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, Ga (C.N.D.C.); Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC (R.R.B.); Department of Cardiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Heart Center Munich-Bogenhausen, Munich, Germany (C.T.); Department of Cardiology, Munich University Clinic, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany (C.T.); Siemens Medical Solutions USA, Malvern, Pa (P.S.); and Department of Emergency Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC (A.J.M.).
  • Merel Huisman
    Department of Radiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands. merel.huisman1@gmail.com.
  • Tim Leiner
    Departments of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine (C.P.S.B., A.J.N., P.v.O., R.N.P.) and Cardiology (S.M.B.), Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location Academic Medical Center, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands (J.J.M.W.); Department of Research and Development, Pie Medical Imaging BV, Maastricht, the Netherlands (J.P.A.); and Departments of Cardiology (G.P.B., S.A.J.C.) and Radiology (T.L.), University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
  • Eric E Williamson
    Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, 200 1stSt SW, Rochester, MN, 55902, USA.
  • Edward D Nicol
    Departments of Cardiology and Radiology, Royal Brompton Hospital, Guys and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK; School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College, London, UK. Electronic address: e.nicol@nhs.net.
  • Bradley D Allen
    Department of Biomedical Engineering and Physics (J.T.P.) and Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine (P.v.O.), Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location AMC, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Radiology (B.D.A., J.C.C., M.M.), Department of Medicine-Cardiology (R.O.B., L.C.), and Department of Biomedical Engineering (M.M.), Northwestern University, Chicago, Ill; and Department of Radiology & Bioengineering, Children's Hospital Colorado, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Denver, Colo (A.J.B.).
  • Luca Saba
    Department of Radiology, A.O.U., Italy.
  • Rozemarijn Vliegenthart
    University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Radiology, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands.
  • Kate Hanneman

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