How did we get there? AI applications to biological networks and sequences.

Journal: Computers in biology and medicine
PMID:

Abstract

The rapidly advancing field of artificial intelligence (AI) has transformed numerous scientific domains, including biology, where a vast and complex volume of data is available for analysis. This paper provides a comprehensive overview of the current state of AI-driven methodologies in genomics, proteomics, and systems biology. We discuss how machine learning algorithms, particularly deep learning models, have enhanced the accuracy and efficiency of embedding sequences, motif discovery, and the prediction of gene expression and protein structure. Additionally, we explore the integration of AI in the embedding and analysis of biological networks, including protein-protein interaction networks and multi-layered networks. By leveraging large-scale biological data, AI techniques have enabled unprecedented insights into complex biological processes and disease mechanisms. This work underlines the potential of applying AI to complex biological data, highlighting current applications and suggesting directions for future research to further explore AI in this rapidly evolving field.

Authors

  • Marco Anteghini
    Laboratory of Systems and Synthetic Biology, Wageningen University & Research, Stippeneng 4, 6708 WE Wageningen, The Netherlands.
  • Francesco Gualdi
    Structural Bioinformatics Lab, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain; Istituto dalle Molle di Studi sull'Intelligenza Artificiale, USI/SUPSI (Università Svizzera Italiana/Scuola Universitaria Professionale Svizzera Italiana) Lugano, Switzerland. Electronic address: francesco.gualdi@supsi.ch.
  • Baldo Oliva
    Research Programme on Biomedical Informatics (GRIB), Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), DCEXS, Pompeu Fabra University (UPF), Barcelona, Spain. baldo.oliva@upf.edu.