Cell Response to Nanoplastics and Their Carrier Effects Tracked Real-Timely with Machine Learning-Driven Smart Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy Slides.

Journal: Analytical chemistry
PMID: 40181709

Abstract

Research on nanoplastic (NP) toxicity and their "carrier effects" on human health remains nascent, especially for real-time, in situ monitoring of metabolic reactions in live cells. Herein, we developed smart surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) slides using a cyclic centrifugation-enhanced electrostatic loading (CCEL) method to facilitatively track live-cell metabolic signals. The designed core-shell polystyrene NPs (mPS) with embedded Raman probes successfully identified intracellular accumulation via a distinct Raman-silent peak. The smart SERS slide effectively monitored the metabolic changes induced by mPS at the molecular level, distinguishing different stages of membrane interaction, the endocytosis process, endosomal aggregation, and cell apoptosis. Besides, this platform was employed to perform a real-time, in situ comparison of cell cycle alterations induced by bare NPs and their "carrier effects", revealing that NPs extended both the S and G2 phases in BEAS-2B cells, while the "carrier effects" further prolonged G2 and disrupted S-phase progression. Additionally, we integrated machine learning algorithms to accurately predict the cell cycle impacts associated with mPS and their "carrier effects". This study provides a label-free, in situ, real-time method for monitoring NP-induced metabolic changes in live cells, laying the groundwork for further investigation into cytotoxic behaviors and strategies to mitigate NP toxicity.

Authors

  • Ruili Li
    College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China.
  • Shuting Huang
    School of Information Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, China.
  • Yuyang Hu
    College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China.
  • Xiaotong Sun
    College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China.
  • Zhipeng Zhang
    College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China.
  • Zaixuan Yang
    College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China.
  • Qi Liu
    National Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine Constitution and Preventive Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.
  • Xiaoqing Chen
    College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China.

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