Fully Wearable Devices for Real-Time Health Monitoring and Multimodal Sensing in Nanomedicine Using Multiplexed Green Biofuels.

Journal: Nano letters
Published Date: Jun 9, 2025

Abstract

Fully wearable devices are crucial for real-time health monitoring, but existing devices often lack stable power, on-site signal processing, and multimodal sensing. To overcome these limitations, we introduce the first self-powered and fully wearable sensor (MESFW) based on multiplexed green biofuels. The MESFW integrates a microfluidic module, sensing module, laser-induced graphene (LIG) electrodes, and customized electronics, enabling highly sensitive detection of glucose and alcohol in noninvasive biofluids (sweat, breath, saliva, tears) while monitoring daily activities (temperature, pressure, touch). Experiments show the MESFW can track glucose and alcohol levels before and after meals/drinking, powered continuously for 24 h. With machine learning, it accurately identifies wearing types and enables real-time health prediction. This innovation offers a novel approach to real-time physiological monitoring.

Authors

  • Futing Wang
    Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory, State Key Laboratory for Chemo/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, College of Material Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China.
  • Changxiao Song
    Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory, State Key Laboratory for Chemo/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, College of Material Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China.
  • Yujin Li
    College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xinyang Normal University, Dabie Mountain Laboratory, Xinyang 464000, China.
  • Hongfen Yang
    Hunan Key Laboratory of Typical Environmental Pollution and Health Hazards, School of Public Health, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China.
  • Dan Yang
    Baotou Medical College Baotou Inner Mongolia 014060 China 610283014@qq.com dongjiani369@126.com wgdzd@126.com +86 13847201181 +86 13514899325 +86 13474977691.
  • Kangfu Chen
    Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States.
  • Li Xiang
    a College of Pharmacy , Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Chengdu , P.R. China.
  • Chengyi Hong
    College of Ocean Food and Biological Engineering, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Microbiology and Enzyme Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen, Fujian 361021, China.
  • Ren Cai
    School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China.
  • Weihong Tan
    Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory (MBL), State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Bio-Sensing and Chemometrics, College of Biology, Aptamer Engineering Center of Hunan Province, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan, 410082, China.

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