Simulation-based training in minimally invasive surgical therapies (MIST): current evidence and future directions for artificial intelligence integration-a systematic review by EAU endourology.

Journal: World journal of urology
Published Date: Jul 18, 2025

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) affects a growing proportion of the aging male population. Minimally invasive surgical therapies (MISTs) such as Rezum and UroLift offer effective alternatives to traditional approaches like transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP). However, training in these procedures is challenged by limited case exposure and variability across residency programs. Simulation-based training has emerged as a valuable tool to enhance surgical education. This study aims to assess the current evidence on simulation-based training for Rezum and UroLift, evaluating its validity, effectiveness, and potential integration with artificial intelligence (AI) in urology education.

Authors

  • Carlotta Nedbal
    ASST Fatebenefratelli Sacco, Urology, Milan, Italy. carlottanedbal@gmail.com.
  • Vineet Gauhar
    Endourology Section, European Association of Urology, Arnhem, The Netherlands.
  • Thomas Herrmann
    Department of Urology, Spital Thurgau AG, Frauenfeld, Switzerland.
  • Abhishek Singh
    Department of Urology, Muljibhai Patel Urological Hospital, Nadiad, India.
  • Ali Talyshinskii
    Department of Urology and Andrology, Astana Medical University, Astana, Kazakhstan. urovator@gmail.com.
  • Feras Al Jaafari
    School of Medicine, University of St Andrews and Victoria Hospital, NHS Fife, Kirkcaldy, Scotland, UK.
  • Bhaskar Kumar Somani
    Department of Urology, University Hospital Southampton, Tremona Road, Southampton, UK. bhaskarsomani@yahoo.com.

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