Role of Artificial Intelligence in Surgical Training by Assessing GPT-4 and GPT-4o on the Japan Surgical Board Examination With Text-Only and Image-Accompanied Questions: Performance Evaluation Study.
Journal:
JMIR medical education
Published Date:
Jul 30, 2025
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Artificial intelligence and large language models (LLMs)-particularly GPT-4 and GPT-4o-have demonstrated high correct-answer rates in medical examinations. GPT-4o has enhanced diagnostic capabilities, advanced image processing, and updated knowledge. Japanese surgeons face critical challenges, including a declining workforce, regional health care disparities, and work-hour-related challenges. Nonetheless, although LLMs could be beneficial in surgical education, no studies have yet assessed GPT-4o's surgical knowledge or its performance in the field of surgery.
