A Machine Learning Approach for Identifying People With Neuroinfectious Diseases in Electronic Health Records: Algorithm Development and Validation.

Journal: JMIR medical informatics
Published Date: Aug 29, 2025

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Identifying neuroinfectious disease (NID) cases using International Classification of Diseases billing codes is often imprecise, while manual chart reviews are labor-intensive. Machine learning models can leverage unstructured electronic health records to detect subtle NID indicators, process large data volumes efficiently, and reduce misclassification. While accurate NID classification is needed for research and clinical decision support, using unstructured notes for this purpose remains underexplored.

Authors

  • Arjun Singh
    School of Computing and IT, Manipal University Jaipur, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India.
  • Shadi Sartipi
    Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, 55 Fruit St, Wang ACC 835, Boston, MA, 02114, United States, 1 2163379887.
  • Haoqi Sun
    Neurology Department, Massachusetts General Hospital, Wang 720, Boston, MA, USA.
  • Rebecca Milde
    Department of Neurology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, United States.
  • Niels Turley
    Department of Neurology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, United States.
  • Carson Quinn
    Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, 55 Fruit St, Wang ACC 835, Boston, MA, 02114, United States, 1 2163379887.
  • G Kyle Harrold
    Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, 55 Fruit St, Wang ACC 835, Boston, MA, 02114, United States, 1 2163379887.
  • Rebecca L Gillani
    Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, 55 Fruit St, Wang ACC 835, Boston, MA, 02114, United States, 1 2163379887.
  • Sarah E Turbett
    Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States.
  • Sudeshna Das
    Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
  • Sahar Zafar
    Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States.
  • Marta Fernandes
    IDMEC, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal. Electronic address: marta.fernandes@tecnico.ulisboa.pt.
  • M Brandon Westover
    Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
  • Shibani S Mukerji
    Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA.

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