A Roadmap for Foundational Research on Artificial Intelligence in Medical Imaging: From the 2018 NIH/RSNA/ACR/The Academy Workshop.

Journal: Radiology
Published Date: Apr 16, 2019

Abstract

Imaging research laboratories are rapidly creating machine learning systems that achieve expert human performance using open-source methods and tools. These artificial intelligence systems are being developed to improve medical image reconstruction, noise reduction, quality assurance, triage, segmentation, computer-aided detection, computer-aided classification, and radiogenomics. In August 2018, a meeting was held in Bethesda, Maryland, at the National Institutes of Health to discuss the current state of the art and knowledge gaps and to develop a roadmap for future research initiatives. Key research priorities include: 1, new image reconstruction methods that efficiently produce images suitable for human interpretation from source data; 2, automated image labeling and annotation methods, including information extraction from the imaging report, electronic phenotyping, and prospective structured image reporting; 3, new machine learning methods for clinical imaging data, such as tailored, pretrained model architectures, and federated machine learning methods; 4, machine learning methods that can explain the advice they provide to human users (so-called explainable artificial intelligence); and 5, validated methods for image de-identification and data sharing to facilitate wide availability of clinical imaging data sets. This research roadmap is intended to identify and prioritize these needs for academic research laboratories, funding agencies, professional societies, and industry.

Authors

  • Curtis P Langlotz
    Stanford University, University Medical Line, Stanford, CA, 94305, US.
  • Bibb Allen
    Department of Radiology, Grandview Medical Center, Birmingham, Alabama. Electronic address: bibb@mac.com.
  • Bradley J Erickson
    Department of Radiology, Radiology Informatics Lab, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, United States.
  • Jayashree Kalpathy-Cramer
    Department of Radiology, MGH/Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Massachusetts.
  • Keith Bigelow
    From the Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305 (C.P.L., M.P.L.); Department of Radiology, Grandview Medical Center, Birmingham, Ala (B.A.); Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn (B.J.E.); Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass (J.K.C.); GE Healthcare, Chicago, Ill (K.B.); Department of Radiology, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (T.S.C., J.D.R.); Department of Radiology, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, Pa (A.E.F.); Department of Radiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY (D.S.M.); Biomedical Imaging Center, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY (G.W.); and National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Washington, DC (K.K.).
  • Tessa S Cook
    Department of Radiology, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Spruce St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 (J.M.S., T.P., J.A., C.E.K., T.S.C.); and Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Mass (J.M.S.).
  • Adam E Flanders
  • Matthew P Lungren
  • David S Mendelson
    From the Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305 (C.P.L., M.P.L.); Department of Radiology, Grandview Medical Center, Birmingham, Ala (B.A.); Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn (B.J.E.); Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass (J.K.C.); GE Healthcare, Chicago, Ill (K.B.); Department of Radiology, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (T.S.C., J.D.R.); Department of Radiology, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, Pa (A.E.F.); Department of Radiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY (D.S.M.); Biomedical Imaging Center, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY (G.W.); and National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Washington, DC (K.K.).
  • Jeffrey D Rudie
    Department of Radiology, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Spruce St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 (J.D.R., L.X., A.K., J.M.E., T.C., I.M.N., S.M., J.C.G.); Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, Calif (J.D.R., A.M.R.); Penn Image Computing and Science Laboratory, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (X.L., J.W.); University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pa (M.T.D.); Mecklenburg Radiology Associates, Charlotte, NC (E.J.B.); Department of Radiology, University of Texas, Austin, Tex (R.N.B.); and Division of Nuclear Medicine and Clinical Molecular Imaging, Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (I.M.N.).
  • Ge Wang
    Biomedical Imaging Center, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York, USA.
  • Krishna Kandarpa
    From the Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305 (C.P.L., M.P.L.); Department of Radiology, Grandview Medical Center, Birmingham, Ala (B.A.); Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn (B.J.E.); Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass (J.K.C.); GE Healthcare, Chicago, Ill (K.B.); Department of Radiology, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa (T.S.C., J.D.R.); Department of Radiology, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, Pa (A.E.F.); Department of Radiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY (D.S.M.); Biomedical Imaging Center, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY (G.W.); and National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Washington, DC (K.K.).

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