Artificial Intellgence in the Era of Precision Oncological Imaging.

Journal: Technology in cancer research & treatment
Published Date:

Abstract

Rapid-paced development and adaptability of artificial intelligence algorithms have secured their almost ubiquitous presence in the field of oncological imaging. Artificial intelligence models have been created for a variety of tasks, including risk stratification, automated detection, and segmentation of lesions, characterization, grading and staging, prediction of prognosis, and treatment response. Soon, artificial intelligence could become an essential part of every step of oncological workup and patient management. Integration of neural networks and deep learning into radiological artificial intelligence algorithms allow for extrapolating imaging features otherwise inaccessible to human operators and pave the way to truly personalized management of oncological patients.Although a significant proportion of currently available artificial intelligence solutions belong to basic and translational cancer imaging research, their progressive transfer to clinical routine is imminent, contributing to the development of a personalized approach in oncology. We thereby review the main applications of artificial intelligence in oncological imaging, describe the example of their successful integration into research and clinical practice, and highlight the challenges and future perspectives that will shape the field of oncological radiology.

Authors

  • Michaela Cellina
    Radiology Department, Fatebenefratelli Hospital, Milano, Italy.
  • Maurizio Cè
    Postgraduate School in Radiodiagnostics, 9304Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.
  • Natallia Khenkina
    Postgraduate School in Radiodiagnostics, 9304Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.
  • Polina Sinichich
    Postgraduate School in Radiodiagnostics, 9304Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.
  • Marco Cervelli
    Postgraduate School in Radiodiagnostics, 9304Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.
  • Vittoria Poggi
    Postgraduate School in Radiodiagnostics, 9304Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.
  • Sara Boemi
    Postgraduate School in Radiodiagnostics, 9304Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.
  • Anna Maria Ierardi
    Radiology Department, Foundation IRCCS Cà Granda-Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy.
  • Gianpaolo Carrafiello
    Radiology Department, Foundation IRCCS Cà Granda-Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy.