How Machine Learning is Powering Neuroimaging to Improve Brain Health.

Journal: Neuroinformatics
Published Date: Mar 28, 2022

Abstract

This report presents an overview of how machine learning is rapidly advancing clinical translational imaging in ways that will aid in the early detection, prediction, and treatment of diseases that threaten brain health. Towards this goal, we aresharing the information presented at a symposium, "Neuroimaging Indicators of Brain Structure and Function - Closing the Gap Between Research and Clinical Application", co-hosted by the McCance Center for Brain Health at Mass General Hospital and the MIT HST Neuroimaging Training Program on February 12, 2021. The symposium focused on the potential for machine learning approaches, applied to increasingly large-scale neuroimaging datasets, to transform healthcare delivery and change the trajectory of brain health by addressing brain care earlier in the lifespan. While not exhaustive, this overview uniquely addresses many of the technical challenges from image formation, to analysis and visualization, to synthesis and incorporation into the clinical workflow. Some of the ethical challenges inherent to this work are also explored, as are some of the regulatory requirements for implementation. We seek to educate, motivate, and inspire graduate students, postdoctoral fellows, and early career investigators to contribute to a future where neuroimaging meaningfully contributes to the maintenance of brain health.

Authors

  • Nalini M Singh
    Harvard-MIT Health Sciences and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA.
  • Jordan B Harrod
    Harvard-MIT Health Sciences and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA.
  • Sandya Subramanian
  • Mitchell Robinson
    Harvard-MIT Health Sciences and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA.
  • Ken Chang
    Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.
  • Suheyla Cetin-Karayumak
    Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
  • Adrian Vasile Dalca
    Martinos, Radiology, MGH, MIT, HMS & EECS, Cambridge, 02114, USA.
  • Simon Eickhoff
    Institute of Systems Neuroscience, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.
  • Michael Fox
    Center for Brain Circuit Therapeutics, Department of Neurology, Psychiatry, and Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 02115, Boston, USA.
  • Loraine Franke
    University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, MA, 02125, USA.
  • Polina Golland
    CSAIL/EECS, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.
  • Daniel Haehn
    Department of Computer Science, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
  • Juan Eugenio Iglesias
    Centre for Medical Image Computing, Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, UK; Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA; Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Boston, USA. Electronic address: e.iglesias@ucl.ac.uk.
  • Lauren J O'Donnell
    Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA.
  • Yangming Ou
    Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, 1 Autumn St., Boston, MA, 02215, USA.
  • Yogesh Rathi
    Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA.
  • Shan H Siddiqi
    Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, 02115, USA.
  • Haoqi Sun
    Neurology Department, Massachusetts General Hospital, Wang 720, Boston, MA, USA.
  • M Brandon Westover
    Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
  • Susan Whitfield-Gabrieli
    Department of Psychology, Northeastern University, Boston, 02115, USA.
  • Randy L Gollub
    Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, MA, USA.

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