Leukocyte differentiation in bronchoalveolar lavage fluids using higher harmonic generation microscopy and deep learning.

Journal: PloS one
PMID: 37368904

Abstract

BACKGROUND: In diseases such as interstitial lung diseases (ILDs), patient diagnosis relies on diagnostic analysis of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and biopsies. Immunological BALF analysis includes differentiation of leukocytes by standard cytological techniques that are labor-intensive and time-consuming. Studies have shown promising leukocyte identification performance on blood fractions, using third harmonic generation (THG) and multiphoton excited autofluorescence (MPEF) microscopy.

Authors

  • Laura M G van Huizen
    LaserLab Amsterdam, Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
  • Max Blokker
    Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. m.blokker@vu.nl.
  • Yael Rip
    LaserLab Amsterdam, Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
  • Mitko Veta
    Medical Image Analysis Group, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, the Netherlands.
  • Kirsten A Mooij Kalverda
    Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
  • Peter I Bonta
    Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
  • Jan Willem Duitman
    Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
  • Marie Louise Groot
    Department of Physics and Astronomy, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.

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