AI for Detection of Tuberculosis: Implications for Global Health.

Journal: Radiology. Artificial intelligence
Published Date: Mar 1, 2024

Abstract

Tuberculosis, which primarily affects developing countries, remains a significant global health concern. Since the 2010s, the role of chest radiography has expanded in tuberculosis triage and screening beyond its traditional complementary role in the diagnosis of tuberculosis. Computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) systems for tuberculosis detection on chest radiographs have recently made substantial progress in diagnostic performance, thanks to deep learning technologies. The current performance of CAD systems for tuberculosis has approximated that of human experts, presenting a potential solution to the shortage of human readers to interpret chest radiographs in low- or middle-income, high-tuberculosis-burden countries. This article provides a critical appraisal of developmental process reporting in extant CAD software for tuberculosis, based on the Checklist for Artificial Intelligence in Medical Imaging. It also explores several considerations to scale up CAD solutions, encompassing manufacturer-independent CAD validation, economic and political aspects, and ethical concerns, as well as the potential for broadening radiography-based diagnosis to other nontuberculosis diseases. Collectively, CAD for tuberculosis will emerge as a representative deep learning application, catalyzing advances in global health and health equity. Computer-aided Diagnosis (CAD), Conventional Radiography, Thorax, Lung, Machine Learning © RSNA, 2024.

Authors

  • Eui Jin Hwang
    Department of Radiology, Seoul National College of Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080, Korea (H.C., S.H.Y., S.J.P., C.M.P., J.H.L., H. Kim, E.J.H., S.J.Y., J.G.N., C.H.L., J.M.G.); CHESS Center, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China (Q.X., J.L.); Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Gyeonggi-do, Korea (K.H.L.); Department of Internal Medicine, Incheon Medical Center, Incheon, Korea (J.Y.K.); Department of Radiology, Seoul Medical Center, Seoul, Korea (Y.K.L.); Department of Radiology, National Medical Center, Seoul, Korea (H. Ko); Department of Radiology, Myongji Hospital, Gyeonggi-do, Korea (K.H.K.); and Department of Radiology, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwanju, Korea (Y.H.K.).
  • Won Gi Jeong
    From the Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Hospital and Seoul National University College of Medicine, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 03080, Korea (E.J.H., S.H.Y.); Department of Radiology, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Hwasun, Korea (W.G.J.); Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Montréal, Montréal, Canada (P.M.D.); OBVIA-Observatoire sur les Impacts Sociétaux de l'IA et du Numérique, Québec, Canada (P.M.D.); and FIND-The Global Alliance for Diagnostics, Geneva, Switzerland (M.A., M.R.).
  • Pierre-Marie David
    Département des Médicaments et Santé des Populations, Faculty of Pharmacy, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada.
  • Matthew Arentz
    Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Washington, USA.
  • Morten Ruhwald
    Foundation for Innovative New Diagnostics, Chemin des Mines, Geneva, 1201, Switzerland.
  • Soon Ho Yoon
    Department of Radiology, Seoul National College of Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080, Korea (H.C., S.H.Y., S.J.P., C.M.P., J.H.L., H. Kim, E.J.H., S.J.Y., J.G.N., C.H.L., J.M.G.); CHESS Center, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China (Q.X., J.L.); Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Gyeonggi-do, Korea (K.H.L.); Department of Internal Medicine, Incheon Medical Center, Incheon, Korea (J.Y.K.); Department of Radiology, Seoul Medical Center, Seoul, Korea (Y.K.L.); Department of Radiology, National Medical Center, Seoul, Korea (H. Ko); Department of Radiology, Myongji Hospital, Gyeonggi-do, Korea (K.H.K.); and Department of Radiology, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwanju, Korea (Y.H.K.).

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