Artificial Intelligence Medical Compendium

BACKGROUND: AI has increasingly been used to generate synthetic images to overcome the scarcity of large, regulatory-compliant medical image datasets. However, their quality and actual utility for algorithm development across deep learning architectu... read more 

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BACKGROUND: TikTok is an important source of mental health information for children, adolescents, and young adults, but the accuracy of psychoeducational content remains uncertain. Misleading information may be particularly consequential for younger ... read more 

BACKGROUND: Clinical reasoning skills are key competencies required by health care professionals. Generative AI (GenAI)-enabled teaching may be able to offer personalized learning; however, its effectiveness compared with traditional teaching methods... read more 

BACKGROUND: Regulatory frameworks such as the Belmont Report, the Common Rule, and the Declaration of Helsinki require informed consent to ensure participants understand a study's purpose and can make voluntary decisions about their involvement. Regu... read more 

BACKGROUND: Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a rare and progressive disease associated with substantial clinical heterogeneity and high health care costs. While machine learning (ML) has been increasingly applied to predict clinical outcomes,... read more 

BACKGROUND: Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly used to quantify psychological constructs from natural language, yet their outputs are typically evaluated only as predictions of an external label. When that label is itself imperfect, optimi... read more 

BACKGROUND: Social media offers valuable information for public health surveillance, but detecting valid symptom expressions in noisy and informal text remains challenging. Fine-tuned language models can achieve strong test accuracy while relying on ... read more 

BACKGROUND: Artificial intelligence (AI)-driven lifestyle interventions are increasingly used for reducing diabetes risk. However, whether they produce clinical benefit beyond standard Diabetes Prevention Programs (DPPs) and whether effects vary by A... read more