Untethered & Stiffness-Tunable Ferromagnetic Liquid Robots for Cleaning Thrombus in Complex Blood Vessels.

Journal: Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)
PMID: 39308207

Abstract

Thrombosis is a significant threat to human health. However, the existing clinical treatment methods have limitations. Magnetic soft matter is used in the biomedical field for years, and ferromagnetic liquids exhibit tunable stiffness and on-demand movement advantages under magnetic fields. In this study, a ferromagnetic liquid robot (FMLR) is developed and applied it to thrombus removal in complex blood vessels. The FMLR consisted of FeO magnetic nanoparticles and dimethyl silicone oil. The FMLR can pass through a narrow complex maze through shape deformation by tailoring the intensity and direction of the external magnetic field. Finite element simulation analysis is used to validate the mechanism of controllable FMLR movements. Importantly, the storage modulus of FMLR can be tuned from 0.1 to 2018 Pa by varying the external magnetic intensity, ensuring its effectiveness in removing rigid and stubborn thrombi present on the vascular walls. Toward medical robotic applications, FMLR can be used in telerobotic neurointerventional. Experiments demonstrating the capability of FMLR to remove thrombi in the ear veins of rabbits are conducted. This study introduces an efficient approach for thrombus elimination, broadening the utilization of FMLRs within the realm of clinical medicine.

Authors

  • Zhuofan Li
    State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology, School of, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, China.
  • Shanfei Zhang
    State Key Laboratory of Material Processing and Die & Mould Technology, School of Materials, Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, China.
  • Qi Wang
    Biotherapeutics Discovery Research Center, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China.
  • Yizhuo Xu
    State Key Laboratory of Material Processing and Die & Mould Technology, School of Materials, Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, China.
  • Yike Li
    Department of Otolaryngology, Bill Wilkerson Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.
  • Xiaojun Chen
    Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
  • Peng Chen
  • Dezhi Chen
    State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 430074 Wuhan, Hubei, China.
  • Yunsong Shi
    School of Stomatology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.
  • Bin Su
    Department of Chemistry, Cleveland State University, USA.

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