On the improvement of schizophrenia detection with optical coherence tomography data using deep neural networks and aggregation functions.

Journal: Scientific reports
PMID:

Abstract

Schizophrenia is a serious mental disorder with a complex neurobiological background and a well-defined psychopathological picture. Despite many efforts, a definitive disease biomarker has still not been identified. One of the promising candidates for a disease-related biomarker could involve retinal morphology , given that the retina is a part of the central nervous system that is known to be affected in schizophrenia and related to multiple illness features. In this study Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) data is applied to assess the different layers of the retina. OCT data were applied in the process of automatic differentiation of schizophrenic patients from healthy controls. Numerical experiments involved applying several individual 1D Convolutional Neural Network-based models as well as further using the aggregation of classification results to improve the initial classification results. The main goal of the study was to check how methods based on the aggregation of classification results work in classifying neuroanatomical features of schizophrenia. Among over 300, 000 different variants of tested aggregation operators, a few versions provided satisfactory results.

Authors

  • Paweł Karczmarek
    Department of Computational Intelligence, Lublin University of Technology, ul. Nadbystrzycka 38B, 20-618, Lublin, Poland.
  • Małgorzata Plechawska-Wójcik
    Department of Computer Science, Lublin University of Technology, ul. Nadbystrzycka 36B, 20-618, Lublin, Poland.
  • Adam Kiersztyn
    Department of Computational Intelligence, Lublin University of Technology, ul. Nadbystrzycka 38B, 20-618, Lublin, Poland.
  • Adam Domagała
    Department of Clinical Neuropsychiatry, Medical University of Lublin, ul. Głuska 1, 20-439, Lublin, Poland.
  • Agnieszka Wolinska
    Department of Biology and Biotechnology of Microorganisms, The John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin, Konstantynów 1 I Str., 20-708, Lublin, Poland.
  • Steven M Silverstein
    University of Rochester Medical Center, 2613 West Henrietta Road, Suite E, Rochester, NY, 14623, USA.
  • Kamil Jonak
    Department of Clinical Neuropsychiatry, Medical University of Lublin, 20-439 Lublin, Poland.
  • Paweł Krukow
    Department of Clinical Neuropsychiatry, Medical University of Lublin, ul. Głuska 1, 20-439, Lublin, Poland. pawel.krukow@umlub.pl.