Analysis of TEM micrographs with deep learning reveals APOE genotype-specific associations between HDL particle diameter and Alzheimer's dementia.

Journal: Cell reports methods
PMID: 39874947

Abstract

High-density lipoprotein (HDL) particle diameter distribution is informative in the diagnosis of many conditions, including Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, obtaining an accurate HDL size measurement is challenging. We demonstrated the utility of measuring the diameter of more than 1,800,000 HDL particles with the deep learning model YOLOv7 (you only look once) from micrographs of 183 HDL samples, including patients with dementia or normal cognition (controls). This method was shown to be more efficient and accurate than conventional image analysis software. Using this method, we found a higher abundance of small HDLs in participants with dementia compared to controls in patients with the apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε3ε4 genotype, whereas patients with the APOE ε3ε3 genotype had higher variability in the abundance of different HDL subclasses. Our results show an example of accurate individual HDL particle diameter measurement for large-scale clinical samples, which can be expanded to characterize the relationship between disease risk and other nanoparticles in the sub-20-nm diameter size range.

Authors

  • Jack Jingyuan Zheng
    Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
  • Brian Vannak Hong
    Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
  • Joanne K Agus
    Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
  • Xinyu Tang
    Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
  • Fei Guo
    School of Electronic Information Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China. Electronic address: gfjy001@yahoo.com.
  • Carlito B Lebrilla
    Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
  • Izumi Maezawa
    Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA.
  • Lee-Way Jin
    Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California-Davis School of Medicine, 2805 50th Street, Sacramento, CA, 95817, USA.
  • Wyatt N Vreeland
    Biomolecular Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA.
  • Dean C Ripple
    Biomolecular Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD, 20899, USA.
  • Angela M Zivkovic
    Department of Nutrition, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA. Electronic address: amzivkovic@ucdavis.edu.

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