Enhancing Pulmonary Disease Prediction Using Large Language Models With Feature Summarization and Hybrid Retrieval-Augmented Generation: Multicenter Methodological Study Based on Radiology Report.

Journal: Journal of medical Internet research
Published Date:

Abstract

BACKGROUND: The rapid advancements in natural language processing, particularly the development of large language models (LLMs), have opened new avenues for managing complex clinical text data. However, the inherent complexity and specificity of medical texts present significant challenges for the practical application of prompt engineering in diagnostic tasks.

Authors

  • Ronghao Li
    Department of Basic Medicine, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China.
  • Shuai Mao
    State Key Laboratory of Networking and Switching Technology, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China.
  • Congmin Zhu
    School of Biomedical Engineering, Capital Medical University, No. 10, Xitoutiao, You An Men, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100069, China, 86 010-83911542.
  • Yingliang Yang
    School of Biomedical Engineering, Capital Medical University, No. 10, Xitoutiao, You An Men, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100069, China, 86 010-83911542.
  • Chunting Tan
    Department of Respiratory Medicine, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
  • Li Li
    Department of Gastric Surgery, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.
  • Xiangdong Mu
    Beijing Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine Department, Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
  • Honglei Liu
    School of Biomedical Engineering, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China. liuhonglei@ccmu.edu.cn.
  • Yuqing Yang
    State Key Laboratory of Networking and Switching Technology, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China.