Multimodal deep learning for predicting neoadjuvant treatment outcomes in breast cancer: a systematic review.

Journal: Biology direct
Published Date: Jun 23, 2025

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Pathological complete response (pCR) to neoadjuvant systemic therapy (NAST) is an established prognostic marker in breast cancer (BC). Multimodal deep learning (DL), integrating diverse data sources (radiology, pathology, omics, clinical), holds promise for improving pCR prediction accuracy. This systematic review synthesizes evidence on multimodal DL for pCR prediction and compares its performance against unimodal DL.

Authors

  • Eriseld Krasniqi
    Phase IV Clinical Studies Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144, Rome, Italy. eriseld.krasniqi@ifo.it.
  • Lorena Filomeno
    Phase IV Clinical Studies Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144, Rome, Italy.
  • Teresa Arcuri
    Phase IV Clinical Studies Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144, Rome, Italy. teresa.arcuri@ifo.it.
  • Gianluigi Ferretti
    Division of Medical Oncology 1, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144, Rome, Italy.
  • Simona Gasparro
    Division of Medical Oncology 1, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144, Rome, Italy.
  • Alberto Fulvi
    Division of Medical Oncology 1, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144, Rome, Italy.
  • Arianna Roselli
    Division of Medical Oncology 1, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144, Rome, Italy.
  • Loretta D'Onofrio
    Division of Medical Oncology 1, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144, Rome, Italy.
  • Laura Pizzuti
    Division of Medical Oncology 1, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144, Rome, Italy.
  • Maddalena Barba
    Division of Medical Oncology 1, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144, Rome, Italy.
  • Marcello Maugeri-Saccà
    Clinical Trial Center, Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Division, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144, Rome, Italy.
  • Claudio Botti
    Breast Surgery Department, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144, Rome, Italy.
  • Franco Graziano
    Breast Surgery Department, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144, Rome, Italy.
  • Ilaria Puccica
    Breast Surgery Department, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144, Rome, Italy.
  • Sonia Cappelli
    Breast Surgery Department, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144, Rome, Italy.
  • Fabio Pelle
    Breast Surgery Department, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144, Rome, Italy.
  • Flavia Cavicchi
    Breast Surgery Department, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144, Rome, Italy.
  • Amedeo Villanucci
    Breast Surgery Department, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144, Rome, Italy.
  • Ida Paris
    Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Woman and Child Health and Public Health, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, 00136, Rome, Italy.
  • Fabio Calabrò
    Division of Medical Oncology 1, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144, Rome, Italy.
  • Sandra Rea
    Nuclear Medicine Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144, Rome, Italy.
  • Maurizio Costantini
    Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144, Rome, Italy.
  • Letizia Perracchio
    Department of Pathology, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144, Rome, Italy.
  • Giuseppe Sanguineti
    Radiotherapy, Istituto Nazionale Tumori Regina Elena, Roma, Italy.
  • Silvia Takanen
    Institut Curie, Department of Radiation Oncology, Paris, France.
  • Laura Marucci
    Department of Radiation Oncology, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144, Rome, Italy.
  • Laura Greco
    Radiology and Diagnostic Imaging, Istituto Di Ricovero E Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy.
  • Rami Kayal
    Radiology Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144, Rome, Italy.
  • Luca Moscetti
    Oncology and Hemathology Department, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Policlinico Di Modena, 41125, Modena, Italy.
  • Elisa Marchesini
    Hospital Pharmacy, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144, Rome, Italy.
  • Nicola Calonaci
    Department of Mathematics, Informatics and Geosciences, University of Trieste, 34127, Trieste, Italy.
  • Giovanni Blandino
    Translational Oncology Research Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144, Rome, Italy.
  • Giulio Caravagna
    Department of Mathematics, Informatics and Geosciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy. gcaravagna@units.it.
  • Patrizia Vici
    Phase IV Clinical Studies Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144, Rome, Italy.

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